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		<title>詳解MAC地址、IP地址、ARP、TCP/UDP協議</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35626/topic-363054051/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:18:36 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[互聯網底層知識點匯總]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>計算機的世界裡只有0和1, 正如你現在所看這篇文章的文字, 存儲在計算機中也是一大串0和1的組合. 但是這些數字不能在真實的物理介質中傳輸的, 而需要把它轉換為光信號或者電信號, 所以這一層負責將這些比特流(0101)與光電信號進行轉換.</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35626/topic-363054051/" data-wpel-link="internal">詳解MAC地址、IP地址、ARP、TCP/UDP協議</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h1>詳解MAC地址、IP地址、ARP、TCP/UDP協議</h1>
<h4>詳解BGP路由技術原理及配置命令！</h4>
<h3>計算機網絡</h3>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-2d364e021abf2ec93d590ef0e739eac8_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-2d364e021abf2ec93d590ef0e739eac8_r" /></p>
<blockquote>
<p>如上圖就是一張簡單的計算機網絡，那麼什麼是計算機網絡呢？</p>
</blockquote>
<p>百度百科的定義</p>
<p>網絡是由若干</p>
<p>在我看來</p>
<p>計算機網絡主要包括三部分：</p>
<p>1、</p>
<p>2、</p>
<p>3、</p>
<p>按照地域範圍可以對網絡進行如下分類</p>
<p>局域網</p>
<p>廣域網運營商搭建連接遠距離區域的廣域網。</p>
<p>互聯網互聯網是一個開放、互聯的網絡，不屬於任何個人和任何機構。</p>
<h3>OSI參考模型&amp;TCP/IP參考模型</h3>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a9976ebe153157fde548aaa7b8d73e28_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-a9976ebe153157fde548aaa7b8d73e28_r" /></p>
<blockquote>
<p>計算機網絡是按照什麼標準實現數據的傳輸通信的呢？這個就不得不提今天的主題OSI參考模型和TCP/IP分層模型。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>OSI參考模型分為七層從下往上分別是：物理層、數據鏈路層、網絡層、傳輸層、會話層、表示層和應用層</p>
<p>TCP/IP分層模型分為四層從下往上分別是：網絡接口層、網絡層、傳輸層、應用層</p>
<h3>OSI參考模型各層的作用</h3>
<p>物理層:</p>
<p>是參考模型中的如：電壓、物理數據速率、最大傳輸距離、物理聯接器和其他的類似特性。</p>
<p>物理層傳輸的基本單位是比特流，即0和1</p>
<p>計算機的世界裡只有0和1, 正如你現在所看這篇文章的文字, 存儲在計算機中也是一大串0和1的組合. 但是這些數字不能在真實的物理介質中傳輸的, 而需要把它轉換為光信號或者電信號, 所以這一層負責將這些比特流(0101)與光電信號進行轉換.</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-cd65113c2f40709ab372f69f9f682ab5_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-cd65113c2f40709ab372f69f9f682ab5_r" /></p>
<p>物理層範例圖</p>
<p>數據鏈路層：</p>
<p>傳輸的基本單位為“</p>
<p>數據鏈路層由MAC(介質訪問控制子層)和LLC(邏輯鏈路控制子層)組成。</p>
<p>介質訪問控制子層（和物理層相連）</p>
<p>數據鏈路控制子層也就是說數據鏈路控制子層會接受網絡協議數據、分組的數據報並且添加更多的控制訊息，從而把這個分組傳送到它的目標設備。 （和網絡層對接）</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c9c029e74886f55b5624f68e0d9b8a04_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-c9c029e74886f55b5624f68e0d9b8a04_r" /></p>
<p>數據鏈路層範例圖</p>
<p>網絡層：</p>
<p>傳輸的基本單位為“</p>
<p>IP協議是網絡層中的核心協議。 IP協議非常簡單，僅僅提供不可靠、無連接的傳送服務。</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-1125f5cc681e2bce0ab2bd803b910bc9_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-1125f5cc681e2bce0ab2bd803b910bc9_r" /></p>
<p>網絡層範例圖</p>
<p>傳輸層：</p>
<p>傳輸的基本單位為“</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-8d1084d44fb92e1c1089c179baa537cc_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-8d1084d44fb92e1c1089c179baa537cc_r" /></p>
<p>傳輸層範例圖</p>
<p>會話層：</p>
<p>負責建立、管理和終止表示層實體之間的通信會話。該層的通信由不同設備中的應用程序之間的服務請求和響應組成。</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b9cc162ffbbc3816da44c056a7dff5b7_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-b9cc162ffbbc3816da44c056a7dff5b7_r" /></p>
<p>會話層範例圖</p>
<p>表示層：</p>
<p>提供各種用於應用層數據的編碼和轉換功能，確保一個系統的應用層發送的數據能被另一個系統的應用層識別。</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d89fa907fd427019c2621f825bd6d75b_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-d89fa907fd427019c2621f825bd6d75b_r" /></p>
<p>表示層範例圖</p>
<p>應用層：</p>
<p>OSI參考模型中最靠近用戶的一層，為應用程序提供網絡服務。</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-efcb748edcbfaf94a7e6e47ce787e47a_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-efcb748edcbfaf94a7e6e47ce787e47a_r" /></p>
<p>應用層範例圖</p>
<p>最介質後用一張圖概括</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b2e81adbb736c6483133fb8a8fbb60c1_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-b2e81adbb736c6483133fb8a8fbb60c1_r" /></p>
<h3>數據封裝/解封裝</h3>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-72327128c11fb9ba80f7a3c679b308b6_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-72327128c11fb9ba80f7a3c679b308b6_r" /></p>
<blockquote>
<p>PC1和PC2需要進行數據通信？那麼PC1發送給PC2的數據包需要根據OSI參考模型至上而下進行數據封裝，PC2收到數據包至下而上進行解封裝</p>
</blockquote>
<p>這裡的</p>
<p>寄快遞的時候是不是需要將物品層層包裝起來，其實就是數據包封裝的過程；取快遞的時候需要拆解包裹，這個其實就是數據包解封裝的過程。</p>
<h3>OSI模型每一層對應的數據名稱</h3>
<p>![]()![]()### 傳輸介質</p>
<p>網絡傳輸介質是指在網絡中</p>
<p>不同的傳輸介質具有不同的特性，這些特性直接影響到通信的諸多方面，如</p>
<p>常用的傳輸介質分為</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4414b1a34f30bd96579e8b0a9f1fa148_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-4414b1a34f30bd96579e8b0a9f1fa148_r" /></p>
<p>有線傳輸介質雙絞線和同軸電纜傳輸電信號，光纖傳輸光信號。</p>
<p>同軸電纜：</p>
<p><strong><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-8d8584868d74e4eb078b4dfba5517c95_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-8d8584868d74e4eb078b4dfba5517c95_r" /></strong> </p>
<p>同軸電纜這兩種標準都支持10Mbps的傳輸速率，一般情況下，10Base2同軸電纜使用BNC接頭，10Base5同軸電纜使用N型接頭。</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-63645e27cf25797856270414af12e8a3_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-63645e27cf25797856270414af12e8a3_r" /></p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-283305f240faf32281ec16c650422e70_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-283305f240faf32281ec16c650422e70_r" /></p>
<p>現在，10Mbps的傳輸速率早已不能滿足目前企業網絡需求，因此同軸電纜在目前企業網絡中很少應用。這兩種以太網已基本被淘汰，企業網中也幾乎不再使用它們。</p>
<h2>雙絞線：</h2>
<p>雙絞線這兩條銅線擰在一起，就可以減少鄰近線對電氣的干擾。雙絞線即能用於傳輸模擬信號，也能用於傳輸數字信號，其帶寬決定於銅線的直徑和傳輸距離。</p>
<p>![]()![]()<img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c276f5151a1e02fe7fd4efcae7339f26_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-c276f5151a1e02fe7fd4efcae7339f26_r" /></p>
<p>與同軸電纜相比雙絞線（Twisted Pair）具有</p>
<p>雙絞線可分為屏蔽雙絞線在雙絞線與外層絕緣封套之間有一個</p>
<p>雙絞線有很多種類型，</p>
<p>例如，3類雙絞線支持10Mbps傳輸速率；5類雙絞線支持100Mbps傳輸速率，滿足快速以太網標準；超5類雙絞線及更高級別的雙絞線支持千兆以太網傳輸。</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-675e6339ee619ef791ca1e530dcf356c_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-675e6339ee619ef791ca1e530dcf356c_r" /></p>
<p>雙絞線使用為保證終端能夠正確收發數據，</p>
<h2>線序：白橙橙白綠藍白藍綠白棕棕</h2>
<p>![]()![]()## 光纖：</p>
<p>光纖纖芯外麵包圍著一層折射率比芯纖低的光纖通常被紮成束，外面有外殼保護。光纖的傳輸速率可達100Gbit/s.</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-be3db56ed2f621154a512c7308ef2afa_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-be3db56ed2f621154a512c7308ef2afa_r" /></p>
<p>雙絞線和同軸電纜傳輸數據時使用的是電信號，而</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4f4c161e4473f5d89412bd39d4f45a92_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-4f4c161e4473f5d89412bd39d4f45a92_r" /></p>
<p>光纖支持的傳輸速率包括10Mbps，100Mbps，1Gbps，10Gbps，甚至更高。</p>
<p>根據光纖傳輸光信號模式的不同，光纖又可分為單模光纖和多模光纖。</p>
<p>單模光纖</p>
<p>如下圖所示：</p>
<p>![]()![]()多模光纖</p>
<p>如下圖所示：</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b1af308441358a98c97a12d35101f5bc_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-b1af308441358a98c97a12d35101f5bc_r" /></p>
<p>無線傳輸介質我們利用無線電波在自由空間的傳播可以實現多種無線通信。在自由空間傳輸的電磁波根據頻譜可將其分為無線電波、微波、紅外線、激光等，訊息被加載在電磁波上進行傳輸。無線傳輸的介質有：無線電波、紅外線、微波、衛星和激光。</p>
<p>無線傳輸的優點在於安裝、移動以及變更都較容易，不會受到環境的限制。但信號在傳輸過程中容易受到干擾和被竊取，且初期的安裝費用較高。</p>
<h3>MAC地址</h3>
<h2>什麼是MAC地址</h2>
<p>如同每一個人都有一個名字一樣， MAC地址也叫物理地址，大多數網卡廠商把MAC地址燒入了網卡的ROM中。</p>
<p>網絡設備的MAC地址是全球唯一的。</p>
<p>MAC地址組成</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-43574669acbe216f52b2e610ceb282e7_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-43574669acbe216f52b2e610ceb282e7_r" /></p>
<p>MAC地址長度為48比特，通常用十六進製表示。</p>
<p>MAC地址包含兩部分：</p>
<p>1、前24比特是例如，華為的網絡產品的MAC地址前24比特是0x00e0fc。</p>
<p>2、後24位序列號是</p>
<h2>MAC地址作用</h2>
<p>數據鏈路層基於MAC地址進行幀的傳輸。發送端使用接收端的MAC地址作為目的地址發送數據幀。</p>
<h3>IP地址</h3>
<p>大家都知道計算機都會有一個IP地址，</p>
<p>如下圖所示，本機是自動獲取IP地址的，如果使用靜態的方式配置IP地址，需要</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ab819474c9833df5d485419e56ec2112_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-ab819474c9833df5d485419e56ec2112_r" /></p>
<p>如何查看本機動態獲取的地址呢？</p>
<p>通過cmd打開命令提示符，輸入“</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-8a9c9969a9f67033764f33e775d2e719_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-8a9c9969a9f67033764f33e775d2e719_r" /></p>
<p>上面查詢到的地址是私網地址，如下圖，本機使用的公網地址是</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d2cf890c943f094f6c6ceb83ec7d7615_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-d2cf890c943f094f6c6ceb83ec7d7615_r" /></p>
<blockquote>
<p>1<br />
IP地址（Internet Protocol Address）是指互聯網協議地址，又叫</p>
</blockquote>
<p>IP地址是IP協議（IP協議是為計算機網絡相互連接進行通信而設計的協議）提供的一種統一的地址格式，它為互聯網上的每一個網絡和每一台主機分配一個邏輯地址，以此來屏蔽物理MAC地址的差異。</p>
<p>IP地址就像是我們的家庭住址一樣，如果你要寫信給一個人，你就要知道他（她）的地址，這樣郵遞員才能把信送到。計算機發送訊息就好比是郵遞員，它必須知道唯一的“家庭地址”才能不至於把信送錯人家。只不過我們的地址是用文字來表示的，計算機的地址用二進制數字表示。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>2</p>
</blockquote>
<p>IP地址用來（後續會介紹網絡中的主機如何通過IP地址進行通信的）</p>
<p>IP地址包括兩部分</p>
<blockquote>
<p>3<br />
IPv4地址為32比特的二進制數，通常用點分十進製表示</p>
</blockquote>
<p>IP地址是一個</p>
<p>IP地址通常用“</p>
<p>例：點分十進IP地址（100.4.5.6），實際上是32位二進制數（01100100.00000100.00000101.00000110）。</p>
<p>二進制和十進制轉換：</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-24e669e88cdd9f0d1baf6b4069f785b8_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-24e669e88cdd9f0d1baf6b4069f785b8_r" /></p>
<p>例如：100=64+32+4=</p>
<blockquote>
<p>4</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-fe49b0386ffc3fdc997e43d38fec4ea5_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-fe49b0386ffc3fdc997e43d38fec4ea5_r" /></p>
<p>IPv4地址被劃分為A、B、C、D、E五類，每類地址的網絡號包含不同的字節數。</p>
<p>A類，B類，和C類地址為可分配IP地址，每類地址支持的網絡數和主機數不同。</p>
<p>比如，</p>
<p>C類地址支持200多萬個網絡</p>
<p>D類地址為組播地址主機收到以D類地址為目的地址的報文後，且該主機是該組播組成員，就會接收並處理該報文。</p>
<p>各類IP地址可以通過第一個字節中的比特位進行區分</p>
<p>如A類地址第一字節的最高位固定為0，B類地址第一字節的高兩位固定為10，C類地址第一字節的高三位固定為110，D類地址第一字節的高四位固定為1110，E類地址第一字節的高四位固定為1111。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>5</p>
</blockquote>
<p>IPv4中的部分IP地址被保留用作特殊用途。</p>
<p>為節省IPv4地址，A， B， C類地址段中都預留了特定範圍的地址作為</p>
<p>現在，世界上所有終端系統和網絡設備需要的IP地址總數已經超過了32位IPv4地址所能支持的最大地址數4，294，967，296。為主機分配私網地址節省了公網地址，可以用來緩解IP地址短缺的問題企業網絡中普遍使用私網地址，不同企業網絡中的私網地址可以重疊。默認情況下，網絡中的主機無法使用私網地址與公網通信；當需要與公網通信時，私網地址必須轉換成公網地址。</p>
<h2>私有地址範圍:</h2>
<p>10.0.0.0~10.255.255.255</p>
<p>172.16.0.0~172.31.255.255</p>
<p>192.168.0.0~192.168.255.255</p>
<p>還有其他一些特殊IP地址，如IPv4中的第一個地址IPv4中的最後一個地址</p>
<h2>特殊地址</h2>
<p>127.0.0.0 ~ 127.255.255.255</p>
<p>0.0.0.0</p>
<p>255.255.255.255</p>
<blockquote>
<p>6</p>
</blockquote>
<p>上面介紹到IP地址由網絡部分和主機部分組成，那麼如何區分呢？子網掩碼用於區分網絡部分和主機部分。</p>
<p>子網掩碼與IP地址的表示方法相同。</p>
<p>每個IP地址和子網掩碼一起可以用來唯一的標識一個網段中的某台網絡設備子網掩碼中的1表示網絡位，0表示主機位。</p>
<p>例如：子網掩碼255.128.0.0表示網絡位為9位，主機位為23位。</p>
<h2>默認子網掩碼：</h2>
<p>每類IP地址有一個缺省子網掩碼。</p>
<p>A類地址的缺省子網掩碼為8位</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7ecbb3f20303ec9f054ee810e8a5300d_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-7ecbb3f20303ec9f054ee810e8a5300d_r" /></p>
<p>B類地址的缺省子網掩碼為16位</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0369cdc60c833947b8b3c49b092ad09e_r.png" alt="" title="v2-0369cdc60c833947b8b3c49b092ad09e_r" /></p>
<p>C類地址的缺省子網掩碼為24位</p>
<h3>ARP協議</h3>
<h2>一台主機要發送數據給另一台主機時，必須要知道IP地址由網絡層來提供，但是僅有IP地址是不夠的。</h2>
<p>IP數據報文必須封裝成幀才能通過數據鏈路進行發送。數據幀必須要包含目的MAC地址，因此那麼如何獲取對方的mac地址呢？</p>
<p>通過</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4231593a044fba19536959ee9e0a81b8_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-4231593a044fba19536959ee9e0a81b8_r" /></p>
<p>如上圖所示：</p>
<p>主機A（ip為10.0.0.1）要和主機C（ip為10.0.0.3）通信，數據包經過主機A的封裝後發給主機C，</p>
<p>下面我們看下ARP是如何獲取主機C的MAC地址的？</p>
<p>1、ARP請求：<br />
主機A首先會去</p>
<p>本例中由於是第一次通信，主機A的ARP緩存表中沒有主機C的MAC地址。</p>
<p>這時</p>
<p>之前已經講過廣播的概念的，廣播報文只會在廣播域中傳播，路由器可以隔離廣播域。你知道以太網數據幀在網絡中如何發送和接收的嗎？一文帶你搞懂它</p>
<p>![]()![]()</p>
<p>ARP request報文</p>
<p>幀頭此時，由於主機A不知道主機C的MAC地址，所以目的MAC地址為廣播地址FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF。</p>
<p>ARP request報文中包含源IP地址、目的IP地址、源MAC地址、目的MAC地址</p>
<p>ARP Request報文會在整個網絡上傳播網關將會阻止該報文發送到其他網絡上。</p>
<p>本例中主機B和主機C都會收到主機A發送的ARP廣播請求報文。</p>
<p>2、ARP應答：<br />
主機B收到主機A發送的ARP廣播請求報文，查看目的IP不是自己</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-226e49508e95c35e7c562793b36d65cc_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-226e49508e95c35e7c562793b36d65cc_r" /></p>
<p>主機C發現目的IP是自己，會在自己的</p>
<p>主機A收到主機C的回應報文後後會在自己的</p>
<p>![]()![]()</p>
<p>ARP Reply報文中</p>
<p>ARP Reply報文通過單播傳送。</p>
<h3>TCP協議</h3>
<p>我們知道</p>
<blockquote>
<p>1</p>
</blockquote>
<p>TCP</p>
<h2>面向連接：</h2>
<p>面向連接中通信中</p>
<p>電話</p>
<h2>端到端可靠</h2>
<p>保證從發送端發送的報文都可以被目的端收到，哪怕被丟棄，也可以讓發送端重傳;</p>
<blockquote>
<p>2</p>
</blockquote>
<p>IP 層是「</p>
<p>如果需要</p>
<p>因為TCP 是一個工作在後續會講TCP協議是如何確保數據包的可靠傳輸的？</p>
<blockquote>
<p>3下面我們看下</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4e4f3621338becb5eb2eeb7e348a79e0_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-4e4f3621338becb5eb2eeb7e348a79e0_r" /></p>
<p>如圖所示為</p>
<p>TCP數據段由TCP最多可以有</p>
<h2>下面我們一起看下TCP頭部的各個字段：</h2>
<p>1、16位源端口號：</p>
<p>2、16位目的端口號：每個TCP頭部都包含源和目的端的端口號，這兩個值加上IP頭部中的源IP地址和目的IP地址可以唯一確定一個TCP連接。</p>
<p>TCP允許一個主機同時運行多個應用進程。每台主機可以擁有多個應用端口，</p>
<p>端口分為</p>
<p>有些網絡服務會使用固定的端口，這類端口稱為如FTP、HTTP、Telnet、SNMP服務均使用知名端口。</p>
<p>動態端口號只要運行的程序向系統提出訪問網絡的申請，那麼系統就可以從這些端口號中分配一個供該程序使用。</p>
<p>![]()![]()3、32位序列號：可以解決網絡包亂序問題。</p>
<p>數據段在網絡中傳輸時，它們的順序可能會發生變化；接收端</p>
<p>假定主機A和B進行tcp通信，A傳送給B一個tcp報文段中，例如某個TCP報文段傳送的數據是字節流中的第</p>
<p>4、32位確認序列號：確認序列號為用來解決不丟包的問題</p>
<p>假定主機A和B進行tcp通信，那麼A發出的tcp報文段不但帶有自己的序號，也包含了對B發送來的tcp報文段的確認號。反之也一樣。若確認號=N，則表明：到序號N-1為止的所有數據都已正確收到。</p>
<p>5、4位頭部長度：</p>
<p>6、6位標誌位：</p>
<p>URG：它告訴系統此報文段中有</p>
<p>例如，已經發送了很長的一個程序在遠端的主機上運行。但後來發現了一些問題，需要取消該程序的運行。因此用戶從鍵盤發出中斷命令（Control+c）。如果不使用緊急數據，那麼這兩個字符將存儲在接收TCP的緩存末尾。只有在所有的數據被處理完畢後這兩個字符才被交付接收方的應用進程。這樣做就浪費了許多時間。</p>
<p>當URG置為1時，發送應用進程就告訴發送方的TCP有緊急數據要傳送。於是這時要與首部中</p>
<p>ACK：當ACK=0時，確認號無效。 TCP規定，在連接建立後所有的傳送的報文段都必須把ACK置1。</p>
<p>PSH：</p>
<p>當兩個應用進程進行交互式的通信時，在這種情況下，TCP就可以使用推送操作。這時，發送方TCP把PSH置1，並立即創建一個報文段發送出去。接收方TCP收到PSH=1的報文段，就盡快地交付接收應用進程雖然應用程序可以選擇推送操作，但推送還很少使用。</p>
<p>RST帶RST標誌的tcp報文段也叫復位報文段。</p>
<p>當RST=1時，表明TCP連接中出現嚴重差錯（如由於主機崩潰或其他原因），必須釋放連接，然後再重新建立運輸連接。 RST置1還用來拒絕一個非法的報文段或拒絕打開一個連接。</p>
<p>SYN：在連接建立時</p>
<p>當SYN=1而ACK=0時，表明這是一個對方若同意建立連接，則應在相應的報文段中使用SYN=1和ACK=1。因此，SYN置為1就表示這是一個連接請求。</p>
<p>FIN標誌：用來釋放一個連接。</p>
<p>當FIN=1時，表明此報文段的發送方的數據已發送完畢，並要求釋放運輸連接。</p>
<p>7、16位窗口大小由於該字段為16位，所以窗口大小的最大值為65535字節，該機制通常</p>
<p>窗口值窗口</p>
<p>窗口值告訴對方：之所以要有這個限制，是因為接收方的數據緩存空間是有限的。</p>
<p>總之，窗口值作為接收方讓發送方設置其發送窗口的依據。並且窗口值是經常在動態變化著。</p>
<p>8、16位校驗和：該值由發送端計算和記錄並由接收端進行驗證。</p>
<p>9、16位緊急指針：它和序號字段的值相加表示最後一個緊急數據的下一字節的序號。因此這個字段是緊急指針相對當前序號的偏移量。發送緊急數據時會用到這個。</p>
<p>緊急指針僅在URG=1時才有意義，它指出本報文段中的緊急數據的字節數（緊急數據結束後就是普通數據）。</p>
<p>因此，緊急指針指出了緊急數據的末尾在報文段中的位置。當所有緊急數據都處理完時，TCP就告訴應用程序恢復到正常操作。值得注意的是，即使窗口為零時也可發送緊急數據。</p>
<p>10、選項：當沒有使用“選項”時，TCP的首部長度是20字節。</p>
<h3>UDP協議</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>1</p>
</blockquote>
<p>UDP 是</p>
<blockquote>
<p>2</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-580aea8d5ee4f66ee886baba269a2986_r.jpg" alt="" title="v2-580aea8d5ee4f66ee886baba269a2986_r" /></p>
<p>UDP報文分為報頭由源端口、目的端口、報文長度以及校驗和組成。</p>
<p>UDP頭部的標識如下：</p>
<p>16位源端口號：</p>
<p>16位目的端口號：</p>
<p>16位UDP長度：因為UDP頭部長度為8字節，所以該字段的最小值為8。</p>
<p>16位UDP校驗和：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>3</p>
</blockquote>
<p>UDP(User Datagram Protocol)傳輸</p>
<p>我們知道TCP就是為了解決IP層不可靠的傳輸層協議，既然UDP是不可靠的，</p>
<p>1、一個重要的原因是IP協議進行的是IP地址到IP地址的傳輸，這意味者兩台計算機之間的對話。但每台計算機中需要有多個通信通道，並將多個通信通道分配給不同的進程使用。一個端口就代表了這樣的一個通信通道UDP協議實現了端口，從而讓數據包可以在送到IP地址的基礎上，進一步可以送到某個端口。</p>
<p>2、在使用TCP協議傳輸數據時，如果一個數據段丟失或者接收端對某個數據段沒有確認，發送端會重新發送該數據段。 TCP重新發送數據會帶來傳輸延遲和重複數據，降低了用戶的體驗。對於遲延敏感的應用，少量的數據丟失一般可以被忽略，這時使用UDP傳輸將能夠提升用戶的體驗</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35626/topic-363054051/" data-wpel-link="internal">詳解MAC地址、IP地址、ARP、TCP/UDP協議</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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		<title>30秒一張海報，字體配色入門科普｜Canva可畫教程</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35570/topic-368223848/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:17:05 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[新創學院]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canva設計學院]]></category>
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<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35570/topic-368223848/" data-wpel-link="internal">30秒一張海報，字體配色入門科普｜Canva可畫教程</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="320" data-rawheight="182" data-thumbnail="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-c0cb91af3cb28748fb172116e32c6b09_b.jpg" class="content_image" width="320" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-c0cb91af3cb28748fb172116e32c6b09_b.gif"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="320" data-rawheight="182" data-thumbnail="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-c0cb91af3cb28748fb172116e32c6b09_b.jpg" class="content_image lazy" width="320" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-c0cb91af3cb28748fb172116e32c6b09_b.gif" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='320'%20height='182'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;"></figure>
<p>你發現了嗎？</p>
<p>無需其他元素，只變換文字和顏色，就能徹底改變一張圖的風格調性！</p>
<p>5分鐘讀完本文，手把手帶你成為字體配色小能手。</p>
<p>本文將回答你的這些問題：</p>
<blockquote><p>不同字體有怎樣的視覺特徵？不同字體怎麼搭配組合？不同的顏色傳達了怎樣的情緒？色彩搭配有萬能公式嗎？</p></blockquote>
<p>文末還有大招： Here we go!</p>
<p>ps本文圖片字體均來源於Canva可畫，戳鏈接獲取同款：</p>
<h2>Part1 字體有性格</h2>
<p>1.字體選擇</p>
<p>【黑體】</p>
<ul>
<li>視覺特徵</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-271a687020a0218a9618ee7c3d0f4124_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="525" data-rawheight="375" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="525" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-271a687020a0218a9618ee7c3d0f4124_b.jpg" title="v2-271a687020a0218a9618ee7c3d0f4124_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-271a687020a0218a9618ee7c3d0f4124_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="525" data-rawheight="375" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="525" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='525'%20height='375'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-271a687020a0218a9618ee7c3d0f4124_b.jpg" title="v2-271a687020a0218a9618ee7c3d0f4124_r"></figure>
<ul>
<li>適用範圍</li>
</ul>
<p>粗黑體有分量感，用於標題文字有強烈的視覺衝擊，常用於</p>
<p>細黑體簡潔工整，可讀性高，適用於較為正式或現代感強的設計中，如</p>
<ul>
<li>字體推薦</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-3ae8434a655508f8b41edb488dc4c8dd_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-3ae8434a655508f8b41edb488dc4c8dd_b.jpg" title="v2-3ae8434a655508f8b41edb488dc4c8dd_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-3ae8434a655508f8b41edb488dc4c8dd_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='608'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-3ae8434a655508f8b41edb488dc4c8dd_b.jpg" title="v2-3ae8434a655508f8b41edb488dc4c8dd_r"></figure>
<ul>
<li>應用範例</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-8f61b440f2aa8b73e91ec24cb282bf4f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-8f61b440f2aa8b73e91ec24cb282bf4f_b.jpg" title="v2-8f61b440f2aa8b73e91ec24cb282bf4f_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-8f61b440f2aa8b73e91ec24cb282bf4f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='1920'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-8f61b440f2aa8b73e91ec24cb282bf4f_b.jpg" title="v2-8f61b440f2aa8b73e91ec24cb282bf4f_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0c0f1e4c4a21ecaa2214c1276db52d0f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-0c0f1e4c4a21ecaa2214c1276db52d0f_b.jpg" title="v2-0c0f1e4c4a21ecaa2214c1276db52d0f_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0c0f1e4c4a21ecaa2214c1276db52d0f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='1920'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-0c0f1e4c4a21ecaa2214c1276db52d0f_b.jpg" title="v2-0c0f1e4c4a21ecaa2214c1276db52d0f_r"></figure>
<p>【宋體】</p>
<ul>
<li>視覺特徵</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-66d27aed1646014932e4c9664f2c26bd_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="526" data-rawheight="237" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="526" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-66d27aed1646014932e4c9664f2c26bd_b.jpg" title="v2-66d27aed1646014932e4c9664f2c26bd_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-66d27aed1646014932e4c9664f2c26bd_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="526" data-rawheight="237" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="526" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='526'%20height='237'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-66d27aed1646014932e4c9664f2c26bd_b.jpg" title="v2-66d27aed1646014932e4c9664f2c26bd_r"></figure>
<ul>
<li>適用範圍</li>
</ul>
<p>相較於黑體，屬於襯線體的宋體有更多來自手寫字的裝飾細節，更加如</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>字體推薦</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-14d7fe0d530bf335ce130fee7b4eba5c_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-14d7fe0d530bf335ce130fee7b4eba5c_b.jpg" title="v2-14d7fe0d530bf335ce130fee7b4eba5c_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-14d7fe0d530bf335ce130fee7b4eba5c_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='608'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-14d7fe0d530bf335ce130fee7b4eba5c_b.jpg" title="v2-14d7fe0d530bf335ce130fee7b4eba5c_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>應用範例</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0a7a991ba53078f8989bc2fd1446e80f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-0a7a991ba53078f8989bc2fd1446e80f_b.jpg" title="v2-0a7a991ba53078f8989bc2fd1446e80f_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0a7a991ba53078f8989bc2fd1446e80f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='1920'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-0a7a991ba53078f8989bc2fd1446e80f_b.jpg" title="v2-0a7a991ba53078f8989bc2fd1446e80f_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4fd8d489c622eeb7deca29eb1cfc694b_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-4fd8d489c622eeb7deca29eb1cfc694b_b.jpg" title="v2-4fd8d489c622eeb7deca29eb1cfc694b_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4fd8d489c622eeb7deca29eb1cfc694b_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='1920'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-4fd8d489c622eeb7deca29eb1cfc694b_b.jpg" title="v2-4fd8d489c622eeb7deca29eb1cfc694b_r"></figure>
<p>【書法體】</p>
<ul>
<li>視覺特徵</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b4b34bfc4dbb426bf48f364cfe67dedd_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="525" data-rawheight="237" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="525" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-b4b34bfc4dbb426bf48f364cfe67dedd_b.jpg" title="v2-b4b34bfc4dbb426bf48f364cfe67dedd_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b4b34bfc4dbb426bf48f364cfe67dedd_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="525" data-rawheight="237" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="525" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='525'%20height='237'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-b4b34bfc4dbb426bf48f364cfe67dedd_b.jpg" title="v2-b4b34bfc4dbb426bf48f364cfe67dedd_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>適用範圍</li>
</ul>
<p>書法體有很強風格性但辨識度弱，建議適用於台灣風的設計場景</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>字體推薦</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-929ec6882281191686ab2777cf6f47b3_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-929ec6882281191686ab2777cf6f47b3_b.jpg" title="v2-929ec6882281191686ab2777cf6f47b3_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-929ec6882281191686ab2777cf6f47b3_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='608'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-929ec6882281191686ab2777cf6f47b3_b.jpg" title="v2-929ec6882281191686ab2777cf6f47b3_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>應用範例</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-60769e48204c7249d19177966ad86300_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-60769e48204c7249d19177966ad86300_b.jpg" title="v2-60769e48204c7249d19177966ad86300_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-60769e48204c7249d19177966ad86300_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='1920'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-60769e48204c7249d19177966ad86300_b.jpg" title="v2-60769e48204c7249d19177966ad86300_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-048704b180076f2ed099f5b5fa123b2b_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-048704b180076f2ed099f5b5fa123b2b_b.jpg" title="v2-048704b180076f2ed099f5b5fa123b2b_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-048704b180076f2ed099f5b5fa123b2b_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='1920'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-048704b180076f2ed099f5b5fa123b2b_b.jpg" title="v2-048704b180076f2ed099f5b5fa123b2b_r"></figure>
<p>【其他手寫/藝術字體】</p>
<ul>
<li>視覺特徵</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f6f7d70186d8f2fe07a06a7721521f14_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="525" data-rawheight="226" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="525" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-f6f7d70186d8f2fe07a06a7721521f14_b.jpg" title="v2-f6f7d70186d8f2fe07a06a7721521f14_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f6f7d70186d8f2fe07a06a7721521f14_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="525" data-rawheight="226" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="525" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='525'%20height='226'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-f6f7d70186d8f2fe07a06a7721521f14_b.jpg" title="v2-f6f7d70186d8f2fe07a06a7721521f14_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>適用範圍</li>
</ul>
<p>手寫體與藝術體圓體卡通體等手寫體可以用於一些藝術字體也可以作為強烈的</p>
<ul>
<li>字體推薦</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-961a80e230ae41f3da8d537abe861eb0_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-961a80e230ae41f3da8d537abe861eb0_b.jpg" title="v2-961a80e230ae41f3da8d537abe861eb0_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-961a80e230ae41f3da8d537abe861eb0_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='608'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-961a80e230ae41f3da8d537abe861eb0_b.jpg" title="v2-961a80e230ae41f3da8d537abe861eb0_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>應用範例</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e6412ce0763d225edd241b7a5d0ad99a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-e6412ce0763d225edd241b7a5d0ad99a_b.jpg" title="v2-e6412ce0763d225edd241b7a5d0ad99a_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e6412ce0763d225edd241b7a5d0ad99a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='1920'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-e6412ce0763d225edd241b7a5d0ad99a_b.jpg" title="v2-e6412ce0763d225edd241b7a5d0ad99a_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-071b0d0b24751cf2d605acfda2df3cd6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-071b0d0b24751cf2d605acfda2df3cd6_b.jpg" title="v2-071b0d0b24751cf2d605acfda2df3cd6_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-071b0d0b24751cf2d605acfda2df3cd6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1920" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='1920'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-071b0d0b24751cf2d605acfda2df3cd6_b.jpg" title="v2-071b0d0b24751cf2d605acfda2df3cd6_r"></figure>
<h2>Tips : Canva可畫使用小貼士</h2>
<p>可以根據</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-00c6c0c49e8f04bbe92e77c5d79c2242_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="600" data-rawheight="498" data-thumbnail="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-00c6c0c49e8f04bbe92e77c5d79c2242_b.jpg" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="600" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-00c6c0c49e8f04bbe92e77c5d79c2242_b.gif" title="v2-00c6c0c49e8f04bbe92e77c5d79c2242_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-00c6c0c49e8f04bbe92e77c5d79c2242_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="600" data-rawheight="498" data-thumbnail="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-00c6c0c49e8f04bbe92e77c5d79c2242_b.jpg" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="600" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='600'%20height='498'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-00c6c0c49e8f04bbe92e77c5d79c2242_b.gif" title="v2-00c6c0c49e8f04bbe92e77c5d79c2242_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>獲取更多藝術設計字體：</p>
<p>在Canva可畫模板中心搜索</p>
<p>或在編輯器素材類目中搜索</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-334e9259d0c0e0e23a27dfeb507519d4_r.jpg" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="423" data-rawheight="712" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="423" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-334e9259d0c0e0e23a27dfeb507519d4_b.jpg" title="v2-334e9259d0c0e0e23a27dfeb507519d4_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-334e9259d0c0e0e23a27dfeb507519d4_r.jpg" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="423" data-rawheight="712" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="423" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='423'%20height='712'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-334e9259d0c0e0e23a27dfeb507519d4_b.jpg" title="v2-334e9259d0c0e0e23a27dfeb507519d4_r"><figcaption>文字設計</figcaption></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a638364dd557963d94fe5454c85d6e64_r.jpg" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1006" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-a638364dd557963d94fe5454c85d6e64_b.jpg" title="v2-a638364dd557963d94fe5454c85d6e64_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a638364dd557963d94fe5454c85d6e64_r.jpg" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="1006" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='1006'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-a638364dd557963d94fe5454c85d6e64_b.jpg" title="v2-a638364dd557963d94fe5454c85d6e64_r"><figcaption>字體素材集合</figcaption></figure>
<p>一個設計里通常包含不同字體、字號的文字，那麼字體在搭配組合時，有什麼需要注意的呢？</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>幾個小技巧教給大家！</p>
<ul>
<li>控製字體數量</li>
</ul>
<p>一個設計裡的字體通常最常用的組合方式是</p>
<p>如果畫面中有很重要的訊息需要標註，如價格折扣等，那麼可以加入第3種字體。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-6431944c0fec2d3f3df2f157c421cd52_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="764" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-6431944c0fec2d3f3df2f157c421cd52_b.jpg" title="v2-6431944c0fec2d3f3df2f157c421cd52_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-6431944c0fec2d3f3df2f157c421cd52_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="764" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='764'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-6431944c0fec2d3f3df2f157c421cd52_b.jpg" title="v2-6431944c0fec2d3f3df2f157c421cd52_r"></figure>
<ul>
<li>展現視覺層次感</li>
</ul>
<p>當一個設計裡有較多訊息時，可以先劃分訊息層級（決定重要和次要的訊息），然後利用文字的</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-2eb9ed5e50a8014ea5fd216a5f41c823_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-2eb9ed5e50a8014ea5fd216a5f41c823_b.jpg" title="v2-2eb9ed5e50a8014ea5fd216a5f41c823_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-2eb9ed5e50a8014ea5fd216a5f41c823_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="608" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='608'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-2eb9ed5e50a8014ea5fd216a5f41c823_b.jpg" title="v2-2eb9ed5e50a8014ea5fd216a5f41c823_r"></figure>
<ul>
<li>兼顧一致性與對比性</li>
</ul>
<p>注意選擇與設計情緒調性相符的字體比如圓體用在兒童宣傳物料中就很合適，而用在公司通知公告中就十分違和。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c3adcc65a41c97a23447f6545acb1a6c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="764" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-c3adcc65a41c97a23447f6545acb1a6c_b.jpg" title="v2-c3adcc65a41c97a23447f6545acb1a6c_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c3adcc65a41c97a23447f6545acb1a6c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="764" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='764'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-c3adcc65a41c97a23447f6545acb1a6c_b.jpg" title="v2-c3adcc65a41c97a23447f6545acb1a6c_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>同一設計中，不同字體的選擇也要注意調性情緒一致。比如宋體搭配書法字，萬能的黑體搭配各種其他字體。字體的情緒表達需要保持統一，嚴肅的字體並不適合搭配活潑的字體。</p>
<p>對比性指的是字體“和而不同”。字體、樣式、字重等屬性要有明顯的差異，但也不能讓人感覺違和。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-20eb39673af9806a5bb6ac7bdf69bb1a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="764" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-20eb39673af9806a5bb6ac7bdf69bb1a_b.jpg" title="v2-20eb39673af9806a5bb6ac7bdf69bb1a_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-20eb39673af9806a5bb6ac7bdf69bb1a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="764" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='764'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-20eb39673af9806a5bb6ac7bdf69bb1a_b.jpg" title="v2-20eb39673af9806a5bb6ac7bdf69bb1a_r"></figure>
<ul>
<li>注意訊息識別性</li>
</ul>
<p>在選擇字體時也要充分考慮訊息的可讀性，</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e87e5042a693e70182629efb97668210_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="764" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-e87e5042a693e70182629efb97668210_b.jpg" title="v2-e87e5042a693e70182629efb97668210_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e87e5042a693e70182629efb97668210_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="764" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='764'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-e87e5042a693e70182629efb97668210_b.jpg" title="v2-e87e5042a693e70182629efb97668210_r"></figure>
<h2>Tips : Canva可畫使用小貼士</h2>
<p>巧用</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9dbb0da876113ab282ef2ced072f565f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="520" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-9dbb0da876113ab282ef2ced072f565f_b.jpg" title="v2-9dbb0da876113ab282ef2ced072f565f_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9dbb0da876113ab282ef2ced072f565f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="520" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='520'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-9dbb0da876113ab282ef2ced072f565f_b.jpg" title="v2-9dbb0da876113ab282ef2ced072f565f_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>使用</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0b58091bb6721ae8424d21b9495aaf6a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="600" data-rawheight="435" data-thumbnail="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-0b58091bb6721ae8424d21b9495aaf6a_b.jpg" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="600" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-0b58091bb6721ae8424d21b9495aaf6a_b.gif" title="v2-0b58091bb6721ae8424d21b9495aaf6a_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0b58091bb6721ae8424d21b9495aaf6a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="600" data-rawheight="435" data-thumbnail="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-0b58091bb6721ae8424d21b9495aaf6a_b.jpg" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="600" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='600'%20height='435'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-0b58091bb6721ae8424d21b9495aaf6a_b.gif" title="v2-0b58091bb6721ae8424d21b9495aaf6a_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<h2>Part 2 色彩有情感</h2>
<p>1.色彩情感</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-561004d108680fd928e7aad07cbbe869_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="800" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-561004d108680fd928e7aad07cbbe869_b.jpg" title="v2-561004d108680fd928e7aad07cbbe869_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-561004d108680fd928e7aad07cbbe869_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="800" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='800'%20height='152'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-561004d108680fd928e7aad07cbbe869_b.jpg" title="v2-561004d108680fd928e7aad07cbbe869_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-202115d0ab5d021821ba8dd5accd6df6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2310" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-202115d0ab5d021821ba8dd5accd6df6_b.jpg" title="v2-202115d0ab5d021821ba8dd5accd6df6_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-202115d0ab5d021821ba8dd5accd6df6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2310" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2310'%20height='1152'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-202115d0ab5d021821ba8dd5accd6df6_b.jpg" title="v2-202115d0ab5d021821ba8dd5accd6df6_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-8de966436144c623b45909e536aad43e_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="800" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-8de966436144c623b45909e536aad43e_b.jpg" title="v2-8de966436144c623b45909e536aad43e_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-8de966436144c623b45909e536aad43e_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="800" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='800'%20height='152'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-8de966436144c623b45909e536aad43e_b.jpg" title="v2-8de966436144c623b45909e536aad43e_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b639d69110d3cac6699f89c77034cc21_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1296" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2310" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-b639d69110d3cac6699f89c77034cc21_b.jpg" title="v2-b639d69110d3cac6699f89c77034cc21_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b639d69110d3cac6699f89c77034cc21_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1296" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2310" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2310'%20height='1296'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-b639d69110d3cac6699f89c77034cc21_b.jpg" title="v2-b639d69110d3cac6699f89c77034cc21_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-1a329bbf92d59b2141cd24ecd6f4b16a_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="154" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="800" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-1a329bbf92d59b2141cd24ecd6f4b16a_b.jpg" title="v2-1a329bbf92d59b2141cd24ecd6f4b16a_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-1a329bbf92d59b2141cd24ecd6f4b16a_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="154" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="800" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='800'%20height='154'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-1a329bbf92d59b2141cd24ecd6f4b16a_b.jpg" title="v2-1a329bbf92d59b2141cd24ecd6f4b16a_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-145878de7813f0836ba261689be3f1e2_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2310" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-145878de7813f0836ba261689be3f1e2_b.jpg" title="v2-145878de7813f0836ba261689be3f1e2_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-145878de7813f0836ba261689be3f1e2_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2310" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2310'%20height='1152'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-145878de7813f0836ba261689be3f1e2_b.jpg" title="v2-145878de7813f0836ba261689be3f1e2_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-cd7580f92973f0311c022eb183c509fb_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="156" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="800" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-cd7580f92973f0311c022eb183c509fb_b.jpg" title="v2-cd7580f92973f0311c022eb183c509fb_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-cd7580f92973f0311c022eb183c509fb_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="156" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="800" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='800'%20height='156'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-cd7580f92973f0311c022eb183c509fb_b.jpg" title="v2-cd7580f92973f0311c022eb183c509fb_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a8d2a4c35c84e8a5be0b9940be86f6ab_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2310" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-a8d2a4c35c84e8a5be0b9940be86f6ab_b.jpg" title="v2-a8d2a4c35c84e8a5be0b9940be86f6ab_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a8d2a4c35c84e8a5be0b9940be86f6ab_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2310" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2310'%20height='1152'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-a8d2a4c35c84e8a5be0b9940be86f6ab_b.jpg" title="v2-a8d2a4c35c84e8a5be0b9940be86f6ab_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-869e2eaa022def7b2de36ff23c1a6985_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="81" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="800" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-869e2eaa022def7b2de36ff23c1a6985_b.jpg" title="v2-869e2eaa022def7b2de36ff23c1a6985_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-869e2eaa022def7b2de36ff23c1a6985_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="81" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="800" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='800'%20height='81'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-869e2eaa022def7b2de36ff23c1a6985_b.jpg" title="v2-869e2eaa022def7b2de36ff23c1a6985_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b4c07f2963714155da2a14f952fdf907_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="71" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="800" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-b4c07f2963714155da2a14f952fdf907_b.jpg" title="v2-b4c07f2963714155da2a14f952fdf907_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b4c07f2963714155da2a14f952fdf907_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="800" data-rawheight="71" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="800" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='800'%20height='71'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-b4c07f2963714155da2a14f952fdf907_b.jpg" title="v2-b4c07f2963714155da2a14f952fdf907_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-007d1d6d98acbd98b55cf13dce0ccaf2_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2310" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-007d1d6d98acbd98b55cf13dce0ccaf2_b.jpg" title="v2-007d1d6d98acbd98b55cf13dce0ccaf2_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-007d1d6d98acbd98b55cf13dce0ccaf2_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2310" data-rawheight="1152" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2310" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2310'%20height='1152'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-007d1d6d98acbd98b55cf13dce0ccaf2_b.jpg" title="v2-007d1d6d98acbd98b55cf13dce0ccaf2_r"></figure>
<h2>Tips:</h2>
<p>圖片顏色可以</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-901e02443c342c3591d3e799801127f4_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="604" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-901e02443c342c3591d3e799801127f4_b.jpg" title="v2-901e02443c342c3591d3e799801127f4_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-901e02443c342c3591d3e799801127f4_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="604" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='604'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-901e02443c342c3591d3e799801127f4_b.jpg" title="v2-901e02443c342c3591d3e799801127f4_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>色彩搭配</p>
<ul>
<li>單色式: 同一色相，明度不同</li>
</ul>
<p>使用同一色相的顏色會讓畫面乾淨又統一。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-85f6eff2431670dd1df30d5c7cbd6d4d_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="375" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-85f6eff2431670dd1df30d5c7cbd6d4d_b.jpg" title="v2-85f6eff2431670dd1df30d5c7cbd6d4d_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-85f6eff2431670dd1df30d5c7cbd6d4d_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="375" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='375'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-85f6eff2431670dd1df30d5c7cbd6d4d_b.jpg" title="v2-85f6eff2431670dd1df30d5c7cbd6d4d_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a85ae00e14acbc648c6eb38a7a0df241_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="125" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-a85ae00e14acbc648c6eb38a7a0df241_b.jpg" title="v2-a85ae00e14acbc648c6eb38a7a0df241_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a85ae00e14acbc648c6eb38a7a0df241_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="125" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='125'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-a85ae00e14acbc648c6eb38a7a0df241_b.jpg" title="v2-a85ae00e14acbc648c6eb38a7a0df241_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-aef1c4b1922447d14e08162b7d9a1868_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1571" data-rawheight="1075" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1571" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-aef1c4b1922447d14e08162b7d9a1868_b.jpg" title="v2-aef1c4b1922447d14e08162b7d9a1868_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-aef1c4b1922447d14e08162b7d9a1868_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1571" data-rawheight="1075" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1571" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1571'%20height='1075'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-aef1c4b1922447d14e08162b7d9a1868_b.jpg" title="v2-aef1c4b1922447d14e08162b7d9a1868_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>相近色式: 色環上色相臨近的顏色相近色組合在一起，和諧中帶著豐富與活潑。</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d28ae3c4ef9f5c4da4b57ba2d8234051_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="387" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-d28ae3c4ef9f5c4da4b57ba2d8234051_b.jpg" title="v2-d28ae3c4ef9f5c4da4b57ba2d8234051_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d28ae3c4ef9f5c4da4b57ba2d8234051_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="387" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='387'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-d28ae3c4ef9f5c4da4b57ba2d8234051_b.jpg" title="v2-d28ae3c4ef9f5c4da4b57ba2d8234051_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9cd591064acf21a7fdbec9685a64f8a4_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="120" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-9cd591064acf21a7fdbec9685a64f8a4_b.jpg" title="v2-9cd591064acf21a7fdbec9685a64f8a4_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9cd591064acf21a7fdbec9685a64f8a4_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="120" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='120'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-9cd591064acf21a7fdbec9685a64f8a4_b.jpg" title="v2-9cd591064acf21a7fdbec9685a64f8a4_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9774f89094ff70508a944f4b704c8808_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1574" data-rawheight="1073" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1574" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-9774f89094ff70508a944f4b704c8808_b.jpg" title="v2-9774f89094ff70508a944f4b704c8808_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9774f89094ff70508a944f4b704c8808_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1574" data-rawheight="1073" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1574" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1574'%20height='1073'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-9774f89094ff70508a944f4b704c8808_b.jpg" title="v2-9774f89094ff70508a944f4b704c8808_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>互補色式: 在色環上形成180°的顏色互補色往往給人以跳脫，眼前一亮的感覺。</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9ea6155f78ff986d754002e40778f133_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="380" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-9ea6155f78ff986d754002e40778f133_b.jpg" title="v2-9ea6155f78ff986d754002e40778f133_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9ea6155f78ff986d754002e40778f133_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="380" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='380'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-9ea6155f78ff986d754002e40778f133_b.jpg" title="v2-9ea6155f78ff986d754002e40778f133_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d23358adb0c0f662ebe80ec7c58b0c18_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="120" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-d23358adb0c0f662ebe80ec7c58b0c18_b.jpg" title="v2-d23358adb0c0f662ebe80ec7c58b0c18_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d23358adb0c0f662ebe80ec7c58b0c18_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="120" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='120'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-d23358adb0c0f662ebe80ec7c58b0c18_b.jpg" title="v2-d23358adb0c0f662ebe80ec7c58b0c18_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-39a83f3dfecc37e5e8a342833406a39c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1578" data-rawheight="1073" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1578" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-39a83f3dfecc37e5e8a342833406a39c_b.jpg" title="v2-39a83f3dfecc37e5e8a342833406a39c_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-39a83f3dfecc37e5e8a342833406a39c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1578" data-rawheight="1073" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1578" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1578'%20height='1073'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-39a83f3dfecc37e5e8a342833406a39c_b.jpg" title="v2-39a83f3dfecc37e5e8a342833406a39c_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>分散的互補色式:這樣的配色方案比互補色式更為柔和。</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-bab9f8f871f793a7b1f5c31da0c5aafd_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="375" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-bab9f8f871f793a7b1f5c31da0c5aafd_b.jpg" title="v2-bab9f8f871f793a7b1f5c31da0c5aafd_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-bab9f8f871f793a7b1f5c31da0c5aafd_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="375" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='375'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-bab9f8f871f793a7b1f5c31da0c5aafd_b.jpg" title="v2-bab9f8f871f793a7b1f5c31da0c5aafd_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4984c5602d6b0886be81138f5bd50f45_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="118" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-4984c5602d6b0886be81138f5bd50f45_b.jpg" title="v2-4984c5602d6b0886be81138f5bd50f45_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4984c5602d6b0886be81138f5bd50f45_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="118" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='118'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-4984c5602d6b0886be81138f5bd50f45_b.jpg" title="v2-4984c5602d6b0886be81138f5bd50f45_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-49a674907ca34b787a7829bd10bac676_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1071" data-rawheight="1074" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1071" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-49a674907ca34b787a7829bd10bac676_b.jpg" title="v2-49a674907ca34b787a7829bd10bac676_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-49a674907ca34b787a7829bd10bac676_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1071" data-rawheight="1074" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1071" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1071'%20height='1074'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-49a674907ca34b787a7829bd10bac676_b.jpg" title="v2-49a674907ca34b787a7829bd10bac676_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>三色式:如果需要一個活潑的三色配色方案，可以試試這種~</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7521771362f12075cfebc2f5d60ab2a8_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="378" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-7521771362f12075cfebc2f5d60ab2a8_b.jpg" title="v2-7521771362f12075cfebc2f5d60ab2a8_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7521771362f12075cfebc2f5d60ab2a8_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="378" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='378'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-7521771362f12075cfebc2f5d60ab2a8_b.jpg" title="v2-7521771362f12075cfebc2f5d60ab2a8_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d9227ae5a5b2f470a0bbffc15f471668_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="118" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-d9227ae5a5b2f470a0bbffc15f471668_b.jpg" title="v2-d9227ae5a5b2f470a0bbffc15f471668_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d9227ae5a5b2f470a0bbffc15f471668_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="118" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='118'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-d9227ae5a5b2f470a0bbffc15f471668_b.jpg" title="v2-d9227ae5a5b2f470a0bbffc15f471668_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ffb3f8a5fcc5e89cec0102f8cb0f74f6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1567" data-rawheight="1074" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1567" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-ffb3f8a5fcc5e89cec0102f8cb0f74f6_b.jpg" title="v2-ffb3f8a5fcc5e89cec0102f8cb0f74f6_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ffb3f8a5fcc5e89cec0102f8cb0f74f6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1567" data-rawheight="1074" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1567" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1567'%20height='1074'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-ffb3f8a5fcc5e89cec0102f8cb0f74f6_b.jpg" title="v2-ffb3f8a5fcc5e89cec0102f8cb0f74f6_r"></figure>
<h2>Tips:</h2>
<p>使用【</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4dcc23bce1c5bbcaaa554c5a8bb8e1af_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="600" data-rawheight="435" data-thumbnail="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-4dcc23bce1c5bbcaaa554c5a8bb8e1af_b.jpg" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="600" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-4dcc23bce1c5bbcaaa554c5a8bb8e1af_b.gif" title="v2-4dcc23bce1c5bbcaaa554c5a8bb8e1af_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4dcc23bce1c5bbcaaa554c5a8bb8e1af_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="600" data-rawheight="435" data-thumbnail="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-4dcc23bce1c5bbcaaa554c5a8bb8e1af_b.jpg" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="600" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='600'%20height='435'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-4dcc23bce1c5bbcaaa554c5a8bb8e1af_b.gif" title="v2-4dcc23bce1c5bbcaaa554c5a8bb8e1af_r"></figure>
<p>*注意：圖片和非矢量素材的顏色無法更改哦~</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>如何30秒完成一張海報？</p>
<p>使用Canva可畫的</p>
<p>前面我們提到了【風格】工具裡的“一鍵改配色”和“一鍵改字體搭配”功能，這個工具還有字體配色組合拳：復古、浪漫、自然、優雅、有趣……通過智能變換字體配色組合，點擊一下，就可以給海報換一種全新風格。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>30秒一張海報是不是說多了？</p>
<p>你還想了解哪些Canva的功能和技巧？</p>
<p>在使用Canva的過程中你有哪些疑問？</p>
<p>你希望Canva今後增加什麼樣的功能？</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>請給我們留言，願你盡享設計的樂趣！</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<hr>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>覺得不錯的朋友歡迎點贊，評論，關注~禮貌三連罒ω罒，Canva愛你喲<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/2764.png" alt="❤" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></p>
<p>如果喜歡Canva可畫，記得給Canva可畫特別關注哦！優秀Canva，值得你的信賴！ (づ￣3￣)づ╭<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/2764.png" alt="❤" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" />～</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" class="content_image" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-6ce58e983ebdd2c4928f6bd1652d7034_b.jpg"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" class="content_image lazy" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-6ce58e983ebdd2c4928f6bd1652d7034_b.jpg" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='0'%20height='0'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>==========我們是Canva=========</p>
<p>精彩設計，隨時隨地。</p>
<p>海量模板，盡在Canva！</p>
</div>
</div>
</article>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35570/topic-368223848/" data-wpel-link="internal">30秒一張海報，字體配色入門科普｜Canva可畫教程</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>整整熬了72小時，總算把Excel函數基礎+財務公式匯總了，真心好用</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35530/topic-374992658/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:15:26 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[新創學院]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>做財務的都知道，Excel函數公式技巧運用得好，會對工作效率有多大的提升，一個熟練的財務工作者能比不熟練的工作效率差了一倍都不止。我們公司最近來了不少應屆畢業生，這些孩子工作態度挺好的，就是工作效率一直…</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35530/topic-374992658/" data-wpel-link="internal">整整熬了72小時，總算把Excel函數基礎+財務公式匯總了，真心好用</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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<h1 class="Post-Title">整整熬了72小時，總算把Excel函數基礎+財務公式匯總了，真心好用</h1>
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<p>做財務的都知道，Excel函數公式技巧運用得好，會對工作效率有多大的提升，一個熟練的財務工作者能比不熟練的工作效率差了一倍都不止。</p>
<p>我們公司最近來了不少應屆畢業生，這些孩子工作態度挺好的，就是工作效率一直都提不上來，於是我整整熬了72小時，把Excel函數的基礎公式與財務專業的公式技巧匯總到了一起。</p>
<p>那些孩子在學完這些Excel函數的基礎公式與財務專業的公式技巧之後，工作效率的確提高了很多，今天也給大家分享一下，一起來看看吧~~</p>
<h2>Excel函數基礎公式技巧匯總</h2>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-400867b64a5524904ed3c8025c1b0dcc_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="794" data-rawheight="1070" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="794" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-400867b64a5524904ed3c8025c1b0dcc_b.jpg" title="v2-400867b64a5524904ed3c8025c1b0dcc_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-400867b64a5524904ed3c8025c1b0dcc_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="794" data-rawheight="1070" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="794" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='794'%20height='1070'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-400867b64a5524904ed3c8025c1b0dcc_b.jpg" title="v2-400867b64a5524904ed3c8025c1b0dcc_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7cd91f4d533b60432d1d058ce60c4feb_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="792" data-rawheight="1115" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="792" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-7cd91f4d533b60432d1d058ce60c4feb_b.jpg" title="v2-7cd91f4d533b60432d1d058ce60c4feb_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7cd91f4d533b60432d1d058ce60c4feb_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="792" data-rawheight="1115" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="792" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='792'%20height='1115'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-7cd91f4d533b60432d1d058ce60c4feb_b.jpg" title="v2-7cd91f4d533b60432d1d058ce60c4feb_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d8c6ae31036f0164f0da0342f180c2b6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="793" data-rawheight="1356" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="793" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-d8c6ae31036f0164f0da0342f180c2b6_b.jpg" title="v2-d8c6ae31036f0164f0da0342f180c2b6_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d8c6ae31036f0164f0da0342f180c2b6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="793" data-rawheight="1356" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="793" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='793'%20height='1356'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-d8c6ae31036f0164f0da0342f180c2b6_b.jpg" title="v2-d8c6ae31036f0164f0da0342f180c2b6_r"></figure>
<h2>Excel函數財務專業公式技巧匯總</h2>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-49463949a6cca3e7f565eee066d3f5d5_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="790" data-rawheight="1116" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="790" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-49463949a6cca3e7f565eee066d3f5d5_b.jpg" title="v2-49463949a6cca3e7f565eee066d3f5d5_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-49463949a6cca3e7f565eee066d3f5d5_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="790" data-rawheight="1116" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="790" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='790'%20height='1116'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-49463949a6cca3e7f565eee066d3f5d5_b.jpg" title="v2-49463949a6cca3e7f565eee066d3f5d5_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-1e6d442387b1a2afd4db4cda950a7fde_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="789" data-rawheight="1459" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="789" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-1e6d442387b1a2afd4db4cda950a7fde_b.jpg" title="v2-1e6d442387b1a2afd4db4cda950a7fde_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-1e6d442387b1a2afd4db4cda950a7fde_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="789" data-rawheight="1459" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="789" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='789'%20height='1459'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-1e6d442387b1a2afd4db4cda950a7fde_b.jpg" title="v2-1e6d442387b1a2afd4db4cda950a7fde_r"></figure>
<h2>查找與引用函數</h2>
<p>展示的是：VLOOKUP 函數</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ce35e096180e9afc6f1c3d36b620293d_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="793" data-rawheight="1058" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="793" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-ce35e096180e9afc6f1c3d36b620293d_b.jpg" title="v2-ce35e096180e9afc6f1c3d36b620293d_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ce35e096180e9afc6f1c3d36b620293d_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="793" data-rawheight="1058" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="793" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='793'%20height='1058'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-ce35e096180e9afc6f1c3d36b620293d_b.jpg" title="v2-ce35e096180e9afc6f1c3d36b620293d_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d8a760939f132343108f952770990894_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="793" data-rawheight="1763" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="793" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-d8a760939f132343108f952770990894_b.jpg" title="v2-d8a760939f132343108f952770990894_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d8a760939f132343108f952770990894_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="793" data-rawheight="1763" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="793" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='793'%20height='1763'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-d8a760939f132343108f952770990894_b.jpg" title="v2-d8a760939f132343108f952770990894_r"></figure>
<h2>統計函數</h2>
<p>展示的是：COUNT 函數；COUNTA 函數；MAX/MIN 函數；AVERAGE 函數；RANK 函數；</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" class="content_image" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ebe3fca72938676ea95d41fef35b60ec_b.jpg"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" class="content_image lazy" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ebe3fca72938676ea95d41fef35b60ec_b.jpg" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='0'%20height='0'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b7ad433a019ec395c497845b629e540c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="795" data-rawheight="951" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="795" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-b7ad433a019ec395c497845b629e540c_b.jpg" title="v2-b7ad433a019ec395c497845b629e540c_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b7ad433a019ec395c497845b629e540c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="795" data-rawheight="951" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="795" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='795'%20height='951'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-b7ad433a019ec395c497845b629e540c_b.jpg" title="v2-b7ad433a019ec395c497845b629e540c_r"></figure>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f1ec32ae13547230661cc6f1c7b31bd6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="795" data-rawheight="407" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="795" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-f1ec32ae13547230661cc6f1c7b31bd6_b.jpg" title="v2-f1ec32ae13547230661cc6f1c7b31bd6_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f1ec32ae13547230661cc6f1c7b31bd6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="795" data-rawheight="407" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="795" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='795'%20height='407'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-f1ec32ae13547230661cc6f1c7b31bd6_b.jpg" title="v2-f1ec32ae13547230661cc6f1c7b31bd6_r"></figure>
<h2>文本函數</h2>
<p>……</p>
<p>篇幅有限，Excel函數基礎公式技巧匯總與財務專業公式技巧匯總就先到這了，希望對各位有所幫助！</p>
</div>
</div>
</article>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35530/topic-374992658/" data-wpel-link="internal">整整熬了72小時，總算把Excel函數基礎+財務公式匯總了，真心好用</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>親測有效的獨立站土豪市場</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35520/topic-376602885/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:14:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[新創學院]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[外貿麥克]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35520/topic-376602885/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>寫在前面：麥克發現一個：比Shopify更便宜更好用的獨立站建站工具： 外貿麥克：麥克推薦-比Shopify更便宜的獨立站建站工具1 贊同· 1 評論文章正文：總有人問我這類問題：做獨立站，是做美國市場好還是歐洲市場…</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35520/topic-376602885/" data-wpel-link="internal">親測有效的獨立站土豪市場</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<article class="Post-Main Post-NormalMain" tabindex="-1">
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<p>寫在前面：</p>
<p>麥克發現一個：比Shopify更便宜更好用的獨立站建站工具：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>正文：</p>
<p>總有人問我這類問題：做獨立站，是做美國市場好還是歐洲市場好？</p>
<p>其實，我們做獨立站，目標市場不用局限於某一個國家。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>以下是麥克做跨境獨立站實操過程中，總結出來喜歡在英文獨立站購物的國家：BIG5（美加澳英新）</p>
<p>首先是美國，人口有3.3億，經濟發達，消費能力強，訂單最多。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>其次是加拿大和澳大利亞，加拿大人口3700萬，澳大利亞2500萬，麥克的店舖裡面這2個國家的訂單差不多。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>然後是英國和新西蘭，英國人口6600萬，新西蘭500萬，麥克這的英國訂單比新西蘭的要多一點。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>老外做獨立站英語市場的，也主要做這五個國家。</p>
<p>除了BIG5，其他一些地方的客戶也喜歡在英文獨立站上買東西，今天我講2個。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>第1個和我以前的工作經歷有關。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>麥克剛入行互聯網時，做的是海外遊戲。</p>
<p>當時的公司拿國內的網頁遊戲做英文翻譯和本地化，主要面向美國、加拿大，歐洲一些國家和東南亞地區推廣。</p>
<p>可能是因為第一份遊戲行業的工作，導致好些年過去了，我今天還記得清楚一件事：</p>
<p>有天，我去翻遊戲後台的統計數據，驚奇的發現一個事情：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>付費（也就是充錢）的玩家人數最多的是美國，但是人均付費金額最多的卻不是美國，而是另外一個國家。</p>
<p>這2個數字有區別：一個是付費人數，一個是人均付費金額。</p>
<p>那個遊戲服務器裡付費的美國玩家有幾十個號，這些玩家平均下來，每人每月付費幾十刀。</p>
<p>然而另外一個國家的付費玩家不到5個號，平均每人每月付費穩定在100刀以上。</p>
<p>還記得有個玩家，他在那個服務器裡有2個充錢的號，一個叫Odin，意思是北歐神話裡的眾神之王，一個叫tiramisu，就是提拉米蘇，一種帶咖啡酒味的意大利甜點。</p>
<p>自己2個號同時玩，方便組隊做任務，這樣升級會更快。</p>
<p>而且來自這個國家的活躍玩家，他們只要玩遊戲，全部都要充錢，付費轉化率100%。</p>
<p>這個國家叫挪威。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-6867b41b5d1780798c91e0ba59463982_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1536" data-rawheight="768" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1536" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-6867b41b5d1780798c91e0ba59463982_b.jpg" title="v2-6867b41b5d1780798c91e0ba59463982_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-6867b41b5d1780798c91e0ba59463982_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1536" data-rawheight="768" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1536" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1536'%20height='768'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-6867b41b5d1780798c91e0ba59463982_b.jpg" title="v2-6867b41b5d1780798c91e0ba59463982_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>喜歡足球的朋友可能知道，目前英超曼聯的主教練索爾斯克亞和德甲前鋒哈蘭德，都來自挪威。</p>
<p>麥克是一個80後農村娃，出生在東部一個欠發達的省份，上大學是人生中第一次出遠門。那時見識少，對國外的了解幾乎為0。</p>
<p>所以在當時腦海裡，挪威是個很遙遠的國家。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>網絡資料：</p>
<p>挪威是北歐五國之一，其他四個是丹麥，芬蘭，瑞典，冰島。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e07ca72fdc0b5df3aa0d486b400c0e54_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="690" data-rawheight="757" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="690" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-e07ca72fdc0b5df3aa0d486b400c0e54_b.jpg" title="v2-e07ca72fdc0b5df3aa0d486b400c0e54_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e07ca72fdc0b5df3aa0d486b400c0e54_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="690" data-rawheight="757" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="690" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='690'%20height='757'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-e07ca72fdc0b5df3aa0d486b400c0e54_b.jpg" title="v2-e07ca72fdc0b5df3aa0d486b400c0e54_r"></figure>
<p>百度上說2020年挪威人口530多萬，人均GDP 81000美元。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>再拿中美2個大國對比一下：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>目前美國人口3.3億，人均GDP 63000美元。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>目前台灣人口14.1億，人均GDP 11000美元。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>要切回正題了：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>北歐這5個國家都很發達，民眾的英語水平好，人均GDP高，三五十刀，對於這些國家的人來說不算啥。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>就像我們國家如果年收入50W，花三五十塊買個東西不會思考太多，也懶得到處比價。</p>
<p>所以我跑Facebook廣告，每次測到爆款，就會想起有錢的挪威人和富有的北歐。我會把北歐5國加到國家列表裡面去，然後經常有來自北歐的客戶下單。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>第2個國家，和前陣子的地區糾紛有關。</p>
<p>我的Shopify獨立站測到爆款後，在上量時會把受眾擴展到worldwide全球。廣告會覆蓋到全球所有國家，但總的來說，</p>
<p>亞洲這幾個國家裡面，其中一個就是前陣子巴以糾紛裡的以SE列。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-82fc0ec3c37a5348ae8c7c3665cc307c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="890" data-rawheight="534" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="890" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-82fc0ec3c37a5348ae8c7c3665cc307c_b.jpg" title="v2-82fc0ec3c37a5348ae8c7c3665cc307c_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-82fc0ec3c37a5348ae8c7c3665cc307c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="890" data-rawheight="534" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="890" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='890'%20height='534'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-82fc0ec3c37a5348ae8c7c3665cc307c_b.jpg" title="v2-82fc0ec3c37a5348ae8c7c3665cc307c_r"></figure>
<p>以SE列人口有900多萬，行政區劃（類似於我們的省）有這幾個：耶LU撒冷，北部，海法，中央，特LA維夫，南部。</p>
<p>我的獨立站跑FB廣告覆蓋全球時，時不時就有來自以色列的訂單。雖然他們英語水平趕不上北歐國家，但是敵不過他們消費力強，喜歡買買買啊。</p>
<p>有時是年紀大的以色列大媽（FB廣告數據那，可以看出客戶的年齡區間和性別）下單，她們的英語不行，</p>
<p>每次遇到這樣的客戶，我就要利用谷歌翻譯和谷歌地圖，對這些訊息進行核實再發貨。</p>
<p>下面截圖裡面左邊，就是一個客戶留的希伯來語收貨地址</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5e5fd42be095c84bd4266ef3bfe495a7_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="672" data-rawheight="281" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="672" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-5e5fd42be095c84bd4266ef3bfe495a7_b.jpg" title="v2-5e5fd42be095c84bd4266ef3bfe495a7_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5e5fd42be095c84bd4266ef3bfe495a7_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="672" data-rawheight="281" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="672" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='672'%20height='281'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-5e5fd42be095c84bd4266ef3bfe495a7_b.jpg" title="v2-5e5fd42be095c84bd4266ef3bfe495a7_r"></figure>
<p>說下我怎麼驗證這種地址：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>第一步：去谷歌翻譯那，粘貼希伯來語地址，把地址訊息翻譯成英文；</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>第二步：谷歌搜索那些英文，看到搜索結果裡有無類似地址；</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>第三步：只要有類似地址，再根據裡面的地址訊息，確定客戶的行政區域和郵編。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>鑑於之前以SE列的糾紛情況，建議大家以後跑FB廣告時，把處於混亂中的國家排除掉。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>因為一個國家處於混亂情況下，訂單包裹的物流和派送會嚴重受影響。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>訂單真發過去了，中間很可能出各種狀況：延遲，丟失，損壞等等。如果客戶找我們抱怨甚至要求退款，對我們賣家不利。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>要知道：信用卡收款通道和PayPal都傾向於保護買家。</p>
<p>最後，只要你用FB廣告給獨立站引流，我都建議：不要忽視這些存在感不強但是有購買力的小國家。這些小國家的訂單，對我們整個店舖的流水是錦上添花的部分。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>今天就聊這麼多，更多文章，歡迎瀏覽：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>知乎高讚文章：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>實操乾貨總結：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>1.選品</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>2.引流</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>3.建站</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>4.收付款</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>5.訂單處理</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>6.綜合</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>7.分享：</p>
</div>
</div>
</article>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35520/topic-376602885/" data-wpel-link="internal">親測有效的獨立站土豪市場</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>跟著Nature學繪圖</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35497/topic-377157554/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:13:51 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[新創學院]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[科研資源分享]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35497/topic-377157554/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Nature雜誌是大家耳熟能詳的CNS中的一員，刊載於Nature上的文章具有很高的學術價值。隨手點開一篇文章，且不論能否讀懂，一個直觀的感受就是實驗數據翔實，Figures具有高級感。今天我們就來模仿一篇Nature文章：FS…</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35497/topic-377157554/" data-wpel-link="internal">跟著Nature學繪圖</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<p>Nature雜誌是大家耳熟能詳的CNS中的一員，刊載於Nature上的文章具有很高的學術價值。隨手點開一篇文章，且不論能否讀懂，一個直觀的感受就是實驗數據翔實，Figures具有高級感。今天我們就來模仿一篇Nature文章：FSP1 is a glutathione-independent ferroptosis suppressor上的圖表繪製。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>在這篇文章中，有大量的圖表，這裡我們截取了部分</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-beb228dee7e74c296ad3ac118c2b88bd_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1410" data-rawheight="224" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1410" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-beb228dee7e74c296ad3ac118c2b88bd_b.jpg" title="v2-beb228dee7e74c296ad3ac118c2b88bd_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-beb228dee7e74c296ad3ac118c2b88bd_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1410" data-rawheight="224" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1410" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1410'%20height='224'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-beb228dee7e74c296ad3ac118c2b88bd_b.jpg" title="v2-beb228dee7e74c296ad3ac118c2b88bd_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a60b2ee7d9aef1b8d3592c242e1ae7e9_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1211" data-rawheight="633" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1211" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-a60b2ee7d9aef1b8d3592c242e1ae7e9_b.jpg" title="v2-a60b2ee7d9aef1b8d3592c242e1ae7e9_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a60b2ee7d9aef1b8d3592c242e1ae7e9_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1211" data-rawheight="633" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1211" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1211'%20height='633'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-a60b2ee7d9aef1b8d3592c242e1ae7e9_b.jpg" title="v2-a60b2ee7d9aef1b8d3592c242e1ae7e9_r"></figure>
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<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>挑取了其中一幅簡單的進行模仿繪製，結果如下</p>
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<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-07aac76f35ef0e6a4f6a3ae7f18ae985_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1410" data-rawheight="677" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1410" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-07aac76f35ef0e6a4f6a3ae7f18ae985_b.jpg" title="v2-07aac76f35ef0e6a4f6a3ae7f18ae985_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-07aac76f35ef0e6a4f6a3ae7f18ae985_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1410" data-rawheight="677" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1410" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1410'%20height='677'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-07aac76f35ef0e6a4f6a3ae7f18ae985_b.jpg" title="v2-07aac76f35ef0e6a4f6a3ae7f18ae985_r"></figure>
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<p>沒能找到原始數據，效果圖是根據原圖模擬出得數據繪製的，基本要素是齊備了。下面我們就一步一步看如何繪製。這裡使用GraphPad進行繪製，首先打開軟件。</p>
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<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4247ac532bb571242d58d711fd5f36ef_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1712" data-rawheight="1157" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1712" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-4247ac532bb571242d58d711fd5f36ef_b.jpg" title="v2-4247ac532bb571242d58d711fd5f36ef_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4247ac532bb571242d58d711fd5f36ef_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1712" data-rawheight="1157" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1712" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1712'%20height='1157'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-4247ac532bb571242d58d711fd5f36ef_b.jpg" title="v2-4247ac532bb571242d58d711fd5f36ef_r"></figure>
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<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>輸入模擬數據（實際繪圖時使用自己的實驗數據）</p>
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<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-6690a8ebaabcd04f2ee226762f487d10_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="808" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1268" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-6690a8ebaabcd04f2ee226762f487d10_b.jpg" title="v2-6690a8ebaabcd04f2ee226762f487d10_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-6690a8ebaabcd04f2ee226762f487d10_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="808" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1268" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1268'%20height='808'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-6690a8ebaabcd04f2ee226762f487d10_b.jpg" title="v2-6690a8ebaabcd04f2ee226762f487d10_r"></figure>
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<p>轉換數據,點擊Analyze</p>
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<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0392a8d2064905282b558af13e24dce2_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="808" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1268" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-0392a8d2064905282b558af13e24dce2_b.jpg" title="v2-0392a8d2064905282b558af13e24dce2_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0392a8d2064905282b558af13e24dce2_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="808" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1268" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1268'%20height='808'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-0392a8d2064905282b558af13e24dce2_b.jpg" title="v2-0392a8d2064905282b558af13e24dce2_r"></figure>
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<p>選擇Transform</p>
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<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-90c95b8604b53588a9898f0df5223207_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1269" data-rawheight="721" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1269" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-90c95b8604b53588a9898f0df5223207_b.jpg" title="v2-90c95b8604b53588a9898f0df5223207_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-90c95b8604b53588a9898f0df5223207_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1269" data-rawheight="721" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1269" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1269'%20height='721'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-90c95b8604b53588a9898f0df5223207_b.jpg" title="v2-90c95b8604b53588a9898f0df5223207_r"></figure>
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<p>進入下級界面</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a706cdc16152083b66202eb37594227f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="715" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1270" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-a706cdc16152083b66202eb37594227f_b.jpg" title="v2-a706cdc16152083b66202eb37594227f_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a706cdc16152083b66202eb37594227f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="715" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1270" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1270'%20height='715'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-a706cdc16152083b66202eb37594227f_b.jpg" title="v2-a706cdc16152083b66202eb37594227f_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>進入下級界面後點擊Graphs中對應的欄目</p>
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<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-1e697618d97bdcd128b7ea7909f44dbb_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="711" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1268" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-1e697618d97bdcd128b7ea7909f44dbb_b.jpg" title="v2-1e697618d97bdcd128b7ea7909f44dbb_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-1e697618d97bdcd128b7ea7909f44dbb_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="711" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1268" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1268'%20height='711'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-1e697618d97bdcd128b7ea7909f44dbb_b.jpg" title="v2-1e697618d97bdcd128b7ea7909f44dbb_r"></figure>
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<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>得到下圖</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e6ca0bed058c2314f9a5ba3ace7c8d1e_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="749" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1268" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-e6ca0bed058c2314f9a5ba3ace7c8d1e_b.jpg" title="v2-e6ca0bed058c2314f9a5ba3ace7c8d1e_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e6ca0bed058c2314f9a5ba3ace7c8d1e_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="749" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1268" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1268'%20height='749'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-e6ca0bed058c2314f9a5ba3ace7c8d1e_b.jpg" title="v2-e6ca0bed058c2314f9a5ba3ace7c8d1e_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>點擊紅色方框選中的按鈕</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-54665e338bcf330af2abb547705e4714_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2433" data-rawheight="1462" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2433" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-54665e338bcf330af2abb547705e4714_b.jpg" title="v2-54665e338bcf330af2abb547705e4714_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-54665e338bcf330af2abb547705e4714_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2433" data-rawheight="1462" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2433" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2433'%20height='1462'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-54665e338bcf330af2abb547705e4714_b.jpg" title="v2-54665e338bcf330af2abb547705e4714_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>曲線便繪製出來了</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5759fe49df83e658cd20f409c35adce1_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="732" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1268" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-5759fe49df83e658cd20f409c35adce1_b.jpg" title="v2-5759fe49df83e658cd20f409c35adce1_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5759fe49df83e658cd20f409c35adce1_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="732" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1268" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1268'%20height='732'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-5759fe49df83e658cd20f409c35adce1_b.jpg" title="v2-5759fe49df83e658cd20f409c35adce1_r"></figure>
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<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>更改Y軸數值，鼠標雙擊Y軸</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-711fc272b0884b3a1a0ace120712e59d_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="762" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1270" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-711fc272b0884b3a1a0ace120712e59d_b.jpg" title="v2-711fc272b0884b3a1a0ace120712e59d_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-711fc272b0884b3a1a0ace120712e59d_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="762" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1270" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1270'%20height='762'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-711fc272b0884b3a1a0ace120712e59d_b.jpg" title="v2-711fc272b0884b3a1a0ace120712e59d_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>修改參數後得到下圖</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0bdc21ea68a2ec7fb6d8a5bd4dea4376_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="709" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1268" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-0bdc21ea68a2ec7fb6d8a5bd4dea4376_b.jpg" title="v2-0bdc21ea68a2ec7fb6d8a5bd4dea4376_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-0bdc21ea68a2ec7fb6d8a5bd4dea4376_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="709" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1268" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1268'%20height='709'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-0bdc21ea68a2ec7fb6d8a5bd4dea4376_b.jpg" title="v2-0bdc21ea68a2ec7fb6d8a5bd4dea4376_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>更改X與Y軸名稱，鼠標選中修改</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9db4ffe35662cac080eb5a6e1b76601d_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1271" data-rawheight="743" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1271" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-9db4ffe35662cac080eb5a6e1b76601d_b.jpg" title="v2-9db4ffe35662cac080eb5a6e1b76601d_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9db4ffe35662cac080eb5a6e1b76601d_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1271" data-rawheight="743" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1271" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1271'%20height='743'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-9db4ffe35662cac080eb5a6e1b76601d_b.jpg" title="v2-9db4ffe35662cac080eb5a6e1b76601d_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>拖動圖例到合適位置，雙擊圖例，更改顏色</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e36a2569cb07b3b83ba8edcd00f80753_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2325" data-rawheight="1416" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2325" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-e36a2569cb07b3b83ba8edcd00f80753_b.jpg" title="v2-e36a2569cb07b3b83ba8edcd00f80753_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e36a2569cb07b3b83ba8edcd00f80753_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2325" data-rawheight="1416" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2325" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2325'%20height='1416'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-e36a2569cb07b3b83ba8edcd00f80753_b.jpg" title="v2-e36a2569cb07b3b83ba8edcd00f80753_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>得到下圖</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5a8c486844b4367b2137928fd64020aa_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1269" data-rawheight="720" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1269" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-5a8c486844b4367b2137928fd64020aa_b.jpg" title="v2-5a8c486844b4367b2137928fd64020aa_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5a8c486844b4367b2137928fd64020aa_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1269" data-rawheight="720" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1269" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1269'%20height='720'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-5a8c486844b4367b2137928fd64020aa_b.jpg" title="v2-5a8c486844b4367b2137928fd64020aa_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>雙擊X軸，更改參數</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-29bbd5858c369666b14e48ce050e9e5f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="762" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1270" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-29bbd5858c369666b14e48ce050e9e5f_b.jpg" title="v2-29bbd5858c369666b14e48ce050e9e5f_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-29bbd5858c369666b14e48ce050e9e5f_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="762" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1270" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1270'%20height='762'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-29bbd5858c369666b14e48ce050e9e5f_b.jpg" title="v2-29bbd5858c369666b14e48ce050e9e5f_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>得到下圖</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c56cada0889cd570cd3a8212c7082672_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1271" data-rawheight="752" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1271" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-c56cada0889cd570cd3a8212c7082672_b.jpg" title="v2-c56cada0889cd570cd3a8212c7082672_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c56cada0889cd570cd3a8212c7082672_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1271" data-rawheight="752" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1271" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1271'%20height='752'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-c56cada0889cd570cd3a8212c7082672_b.jpg" title="v2-c56cada0889cd570cd3a8212c7082672_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>點擊T，繪製****</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-73e6f6fade45a24db4e37f01ed3b9d7c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="775" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1270" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-73e6f6fade45a24db4e37f01ed3b9d7c_b.jpg" title="v2-73e6f6fade45a24db4e37f01ed3b9d7c_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-73e6f6fade45a24db4e37f01ed3b9d7c_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="775" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1270" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1270'%20height='775'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-73e6f6fade45a24db4e37f01ed3b9d7c_b.jpg" title="v2-73e6f6fade45a24db4e37f01ed3b9d7c_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>如紅色方框標註，對****進行旋轉</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-654abf25b830ab2784dc2d9706ef17ea_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="736" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1268" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-654abf25b830ab2784dc2d9706ef17ea_b.jpg" title="v2-654abf25b830ab2784dc2d9706ef17ea_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-654abf25b830ab2784dc2d9706ef17ea_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1268" data-rawheight="736" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1268" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1268'%20height='736'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-654abf25b830ab2784dc2d9706ef17ea_b.jpg" title="v2-654abf25b830ab2784dc2d9706ef17ea_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>拖動****到合適位置，就基本繪製結束了。值得注意，****的獲得需要進行統計分析，</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-27ab72d40296c489bafd587fb2d4f2f6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="779" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1270" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-27ab72d40296c489bafd587fb2d4f2f6_b.jpg" title="v2-27ab72d40296c489bafd587fb2d4f2f6_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-27ab72d40296c489bafd587fb2d4f2f6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1270" data-rawheight="779" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1270" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1270'%20height='779'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-27ab72d40296c489bafd587fb2d4f2f6_b.jpg" title="v2-27ab72d40296c489bafd587fb2d4f2f6_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>好了，如果對您有用，記得收藏加分享哦！</p>
</div>
</div>
</article>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35497/topic-377157554/" data-wpel-link="internal">跟著Nature學繪圖</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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		<item>
		<title>來了！ Python 官方發布整套中文PDF文檔（共27本）</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35484/topic-379347988/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:12:49 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[新創學院]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Python編程時光]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35484/topic-379347988/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>update ： 1、根據評論區知友的反饋，手機端解壓會有問題，因此請在電腦端下載解壓。 2、評論裡有人在求Python 路線，幾個月前剛好回答過，我把鏈接貼出來，有需要的可以參考。如何快速免費自學Python?3、5000+ …</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35484/topic-379347988/" data-wpel-link="internal">來了！ Python 官方發布整套中文PDF文檔（共27本）</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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<p>update ：</p>
<p>1、根據評論區知友的反饋，手機端解壓會有問題，因此請在電腦端下載解壓。</p>
<p>2、評論裡有人在求Python 路線，幾個月前剛好回答過，我把鏈接貼出來，有需要的可以參考。</p>
<p>3、5000+ 收藏，只有1000+的點贊，你們真狠。 。</p>
<p>========== 以下是原文=========</p>
<h2>1. 《Python中文指南》</h2>
<p>學Python 最好的學習資料永遠是Python 官方文檔，可惜現在的官方文檔大都是英文，雖然有中文的翻譯版了，但是進度實在堪憂。</p>
<p>為了照顧英文不好的同學，我自己寫了一份面向零基礎的朋友的在線Python 文檔-- 《Python中文指南》（在線閱讀：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5995f9f25fe1c93021b08dd61b6b844a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2208" data-rawheight="2080" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2208" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-5995f9f25fe1c93021b08dd61b6b844a_b.jpg" title="v2-5995f9f25fe1c93021b08dd61b6b844a_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5995f9f25fe1c93021b08dd61b6b844a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2208" data-rawheight="2080" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2208" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2208'%20height='2080'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-5995f9f25fe1c93021b08dd61b6b844a_b.jpg" title="v2-5995f9f25fe1c93021b08dd61b6b844a_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>該文檔面向的是完全沒有基礎的小白，從安裝Python 、開發環境搭建，再到基礎語法的講解，全部都是我一個字一個字敲出來的，是經過我消化過後，精煉總結的，內容通俗易懂，適合每一個想打好Python 基礎的同學。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-40050046b89e4bf3031e1fcdd96e5a38_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1554" data-rawheight="1016" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1554" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-40050046b89e4bf3031e1fcdd96e5a38_b.jpg" title="v2-40050046b89e4bf3031e1fcdd96e5a38_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-40050046b89e4bf3031e1fcdd96e5a38_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1554" data-rawheight="1016" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1554" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1554'%20height='1016'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-40050046b89e4bf3031e1fcdd96e5a38_b.jpg" title="v2-40050046b89e4bf3031e1fcdd96e5a38_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>這個在線文檔，已經在年初我就已經完成了，但一直沒有公開，剛好這兩天也有時間，就花了點時間，把它整理成了PDF 版本，方便大家離線閱讀。</p>
<p>《Python中文指南》.pdf 下載地址：</p>
<h2>2. 《Python標準庫參考》</h2>
<p>Python 之所以好用，離不開上千個內置標準庫的支持，大多數情況下，只要import 就可以使用。</p>
<p>但前提是，你得知道有這麼一些庫的存在，比如前段時間，我才知道讀取文件中的指定行，使用內置的linecache ，會比使用open 自己實現方便得多。</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre><code class="language-python"><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="nn">linecache</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="n">linecache</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getline</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"demo.txt"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="c1"># 读取第20行</span><span class="n">hello</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>因此明哥建議可以平時有意的去了解Python 中的標準庫，不要求每一個都非常熟悉，大概有個印象即可。</p>
<p>因此，我將官方的Python標準庫參考文檔，整理成PDF 文檔。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d343e60c52192298a84e698028fd140a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2594" data-rawheight="2648" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2594" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-d343e60c52192298a84e698028fd140a_b.jpg" title="v2-d343e60c52192298a84e698028fd140a_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d343e60c52192298a84e698028fd140a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2594" data-rawheight="2648" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2594" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2594'%20height='2648'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-d343e60c52192298a84e698028fd140a_b.jpg" title="v2-d343e60c52192298a84e698028fd140a_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>《Python標準庫參考》.pdf 下載地址：</p>
<h2>3. 《Python常見問題》</h2>
<p>學習了Python 的基礎語法，就可以解決正常的生產需求，但是停留在語法層面，沒有深入的理解過Python 的設計哲學，就容易在面試過程中吃大虧。</p>
<p>這本《Python常見問題》翻譯整理自Python 官方的《Python Frequently Asked Questions》，不僅收集了一些不那麼爛大街的Python 問題</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-091741f793d80c219ee904ffacb64d8a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2602" data-rawheight="2626" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2602" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-091741f793d80c219ee904ffacb64d8a_b.jpg" title="v2-091741f793d80c219ee904ffacb64d8a_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-091741f793d80c219ee904ffacb64d8a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2602" data-rawheight="2626" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2602" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2602'%20height='2626'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-091741f793d80c219ee904ffacb64d8a_b.jpg" title="v2-091741f793d80c219ee904ffacb64d8a_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>還整理了數百個Python 在『為什麼這麼設計？ 』方面的一些答案，對Python 設計理念感興趣的同學，一定不要錯過。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-93c492bc7f8d597aee57c8052e261c83_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2624" data-rawheight="2682" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2624" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-93c492bc7f8d597aee57c8052e261c83_b.jpg" title="v2-93c492bc7f8d597aee57c8052e261c83_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-93c492bc7f8d597aee57c8052e261c83_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2624" data-rawheight="2682" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2624" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2624'%20height='2682'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-93c492bc7f8d597aee57c8052e261c83_b.jpg" title="v2-93c492bc7f8d597aee57c8052e261c83_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>《Python常見問題》.pdf 下載地址：</p>
<h2>4. 《Python 3.9 新變化？ 》</h2>
<p>雖然Python 3.9 已經發布挺久的了，但出於各種原因，仍舊有不少人還在使用低版本的Python ，那明哥推薦你可以看看這本手冊，詳細的列出了Python 3.9 的一些新特性</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-3fff0415e50b84d304cc26209385afb6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2496" data-rawheight="1902" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2496" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-3fff0415e50b84d304cc26209385afb6_b.jpg" title="v2-3fff0415e50b84d304cc26209385afb6_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-3fff0415e50b84d304cc26209385afb6_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2496" data-rawheight="1902" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2496" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2496'%20height='1902'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-3fff0415e50b84d304cc26209385afb6_b.jpg" title="v2-3fff0415e50b84d304cc26209385afb6_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>《Python 3.9 新變化》.pdf 下載地址：</p>
<h2>5. 《Python/C API 參考手冊》</h2>
<p>《Python/C API 參考手冊》描述了希望編寫擴展模塊並將Python 解釋器嵌入其應用程序中的C 和C++ 程序員可用的API。同時可以參閱擴展和嵌入Python 解釋器，其中描述了擴展編寫的一般原則，但沒有詳細描述API 函數。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7248eef30abbde554f03dd2f19a429e5_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2616" data-rawheight="2678" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2616" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-7248eef30abbde554f03dd2f19a429e5_b.jpg" title="v2-7248eef30abbde554f03dd2f19a429e5_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7248eef30abbde554f03dd2f19a429e5_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2616" data-rawheight="2678" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2616" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2616'%20height='2678'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-7248eef30abbde554f03dd2f19a429e5_b.jpg" title="v2-7248eef30abbde554f03dd2f19a429e5_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>《Python/C API 參考手冊》.pdf 下載地址：</p>
<h2>6.《Python語言參考手冊》</h2>
<p>本參考手冊描述了Python 的語法和“核心語義”，本參考是簡潔的，雖然試圖做到準確和完整，但並不適合作為基礎教程使用。</p>
<p>在這裡，你可以學習到比較準確的Python 核心概念解釋，比如協程對象，命名空間包等。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c1de5816da5ecf79c8ab9f7ddb17e3d3_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2608" data-rawheight="2666" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2608" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-c1de5816da5ecf79c8ab9f7ddb17e3d3_b.jpg" title="v2-c1de5816da5ecf79c8ab9f7ddb17e3d3_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c1de5816da5ecf79c8ab9f7ddb17e3d3_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2608" data-rawheight="2666" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2608" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2608'%20height='2666'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-c1de5816da5ecf79c8ab9f7ddb17e3d3_b.jpg" title="v2-c1de5816da5ecf79c8ab9f7ddb17e3d3_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>《Python語言參考手冊》.pdf 下載地址：</p>
<h2>7. 《Python基礎教程》</h2>
<p>這個教程並沒有完整地介紹每一個功能，甚至可能沒有涉及全部的常用功能。這個教程只介紹Python 中最值得注意的功能，也會讓你體會到這個語言的風格特色。學習完這個教程，你就可以閱讀和編寫Python 模塊和程序。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-3168f9cf81ff0173ca851a9dd49ea22b_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2604" data-rawheight="2680" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="2604" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-3168f9cf81ff0173ca851a9dd49ea22b_b.jpg" title="v2-3168f9cf81ff0173ca851a9dd49ea22b_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-3168f9cf81ff0173ca851a9dd49ea22b_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="2604" data-rawheight="2680" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="2604" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='2604'%20height='2680'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-3168f9cf81ff0173ca851a9dd49ea22b_b.jpg" title="v2-3168f9cf81ff0173ca851a9dd49ea22b_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>《Python基礎教程》.pdf 下載地址：</p>
<h2>8 . Python 索引合集（20本）</h2>
<p>另外，還有一些比較零散的Python 手冊，都是從Python 官方文檔上翻譯過來的，總共20 本，對於某些人可能會有用，也一起放出來。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-fbce467ab5e282add956b19edec05b8a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="3028" data-rawheight="1574" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="3028" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-fbce467ab5e282add956b19edec05b8a_b.jpg" title="v2-fbce467ab5e282add956b19edec05b8a_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-fbce467ab5e282add956b19edec05b8a_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="3028" data-rawheight="1574" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="3028" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='3028'%20height='1574'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-fbce467ab5e282add956b19edec05b8a_b.jpg" title="v2-fbce467ab5e282add956b19edec05b8a_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>Python 索引合集（20本）下載地址：</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>以上就是我為你整理的Python 官方推薦的學習文檔，對於想深入全面掌握Python 的同學，是不錯的資料。</p>
<p>整理不易，文章內容若對你有幫助，記得幫我</p>
<p>順便可以點下</p>
</div>
</div>
</article>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35484/topic-379347988/" data-wpel-link="internal">來了！ Python 官方發布整套中文PDF文檔（共27本）</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>商業分析方法論連載二</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35460/topic-381152787/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:11:41 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[新創學院]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[POINT.商業數據分析]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35460/topic-381152787/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>前言這個系列預估一共有八篇連載，來源：空白女俠公眾號。這次為商業分析連載二：商業分析中的分解問題與優先級排序，目標是為問題找到解決方案與落地順序。當你發現問題太大不好解決、解決方案上無法達成一致、…</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35460/topic-381152787/" data-wpel-link="internal">商業分析方法論連載二</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<p>前言</p>
<p>這個系列預估一共有八篇連載，來源：空白女俠公眾號。這次為商業分析連載二：當你發現問題太大不好解決、解決方案上無法達成一致、不知道方案的優先順序時，這次分享可以幫助到你，同時分解問題也是找出分析維度的方式之一，此節內容的工作方法可以應用在<br />回顧連載一：萬字長文：如何成為商業分析師</p>
<p>—<br />什麼時候需要分解問題?<br />分解問題就是將一個問題分解成它的各個組成部分就是當問題對你<br />舉個例子：<br />如何讓公司銷售額今年上漲3倍，並且利潤保持n%，<br />如何聚焦醫美行業發現一個讓公司未來5年能賺10個億的新機會？<br />我們該如何做產品才能和競爭對手們差異化，提升市場份額？<br />如銷售額與利潤涉及多個業務線，多項成本的綜合影響，很難能直觀快速下定論找出最合適的解決方式，需要將問題逐層分解後才能找出答案，此時分解問題就能夠很好的幫助到你。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7902341b753cd10360957a3023adff83_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="618" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-7902341b753cd10360957a3023adff83_b.jpg" title="v2-7902341b753cd10360957a3023adff83_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7902341b753cd10360957a3023adff83_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="618" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='618'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-7902341b753cd10360957a3023adff83_b.jpg" title="v2-7902341b753cd10360957a3023adff83_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>分解問題的好處?<br />之前我給實習生的一個任務：如何讓公司成員自主看我們每日行業動態簡報？這個問題一開始發給實習生時，他就有些無從下手，後來通過問題分解後，將其分解成提升用戶動力與降低閱讀成本後（見上圖），他就開始產生了解決問題的靈感，逐層分解下去後，想到的方案更多。通過這個例子大家可以發現一件事情，問題只要經過分解，它會從復雜變簡單了，也就更容易產生靈感去解決問題了。<br />當完成問題界定開始分解問題時，很容易遭受以下四大困難，分別是</p>
<p>問題一：思考不周全</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e01c96c956ea200aac2406ecfdb8e7a9_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="440" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-e01c96c956ea200aac2406ecfdb8e7a9_b.jpg" title="v2-e01c96c956ea200aac2406ecfdb8e7a9_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-e01c96c956ea200aac2406ecfdb8e7a9_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="440" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='440'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-e01c96c956ea200aac2406ecfdb8e7a9_b.jpg" title="v2-e01c96c956ea200aac2406ecfdb8e7a9_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>圖源來自作者例子中：一個新人在接收領導的問題時，會習慣性的直接針對問題開始發散解決方式反饋給領導，或是急於去尋找一個答案，想到什麼就說什麼，認為想完了就結束了，這樣很容易會讓老闆認為你沒有把事想清楚或是考慮不周。<br />筆者親身經歷的案例（如上圖），銷售額下降，解決方直接告知就是幾類問題，當大家對你還沒有信任的時候，就很容易質疑你思考不周。所以當遇到此類場景時，推薦大家<br />議題樹分解法</p>
<p>第一，<br />第二，<br />第三，<br />基本上任何崗位任何事情任何場景都可以去使用這個方式。這裡舉四個例子幫助大家理解（如下圖）</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-438b710b47282f4750a716f03b62c50f_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="552" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-438b710b47282f4750a716f03b62c50f_b.jpg" title="v2-438b710b47282f4750a716f03b62c50f_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-438b710b47282f4750a716f03b62c50f_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="552" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='552'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-438b710b47282f4750a716f03b62c50f_b.jpg" title="v2-438b710b47282f4750a716f03b62c50f_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>案例一：如何讓公司成員自主去看數據日報？<br />可以先對問題進行拆分，分成提升用戶動力與降低用戶成本，然後觀察這個拆分獨立嗎？窮盡嗎？提升動力，降低閱讀成本在邏輯獨立也幾乎窮盡。這時我會問一下對應的負責人：“目前拆到這樣，你知道要怎麼做了嗎？”他如果稍微有一些靈感，或者他自己已經開始自發性地講出做法了，這就代表這個拆分是正確的。<br />繼續去拆解，比如用戶動力還可以去拆嗎？可以從判斷上去拆分為正向驅動和反向驅動，比如說<br />正向驅動：<br />反向驅動：<br />你會發現這個問題拆分完了之後，就算是讓一個沒有經驗的人去解決這個問題，也可以快速的找到解決問題的靈感。拆分的過程當中，你要根據你的項目組成員進行拆分調整，看看是否職責上好分發，容易被理解，假如你自己就是執行這件事情的人員，你也可以不斷的去觀察自己是否產生解決靈感。在行動中也是一樣的，就是比如說降低閱讀成本，容易看，容易讀，容易理解，它其實是通過大家接收訊息的整個過程的順序進行拆分。<br />議題樹分解問題作用：提升大家的靈感、確保任務能夠分配、確保思考全面，缺點就是花費的時間會比較久<br />案例二：如何降低投訴量的指標監控體系？<br />如果說你現在的目標是短期之內降低投訴量，這也可以用議題樹分解法進行分解。可以從投訴量的成分來分，根據服務前的投訴為沒有完成到診之前，查資料或者是線上諮詢這塊的服務；服務後的投訴就是顧客到診之後，他對到診之後的投訴。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f8a9e01cb967dab508e5081156c5c1f2_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="540" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-f8a9e01cb967dab508e5081156c5c1f2_b.jpg" title="v2-f8a9e01cb967dab508e5081156c5c1f2_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f8a9e01cb967dab508e5081156c5c1f2_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="540" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='540'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-f8a9e01cb967dab508e5081156c5c1f2_b.jpg" title="v2-f8a9e01cb967dab508e5081156c5c1f2_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>此外很重要的是，確認事情是否由不同部門負責，有無邊界不清的地方。最後確定成員能否理解，完成問題拆分開始分析。一些初級的分析師會在問題拆分逐步分析時，會忘記考慮成員是不是真的理解，以及拆完了之後這個問題如果發生了，能不能直接分配給對應的團隊去解決，分析不只是為了找到問題，同時也需要考慮是否能更好的解決問題，<br />案例三：這個業務我們能不能做？<br />議題樹分解法在確定分析維度時也可很好用當老闆問我說，這個業務能不能做？假設他是問我們有無切入價值，需要簡單的判斷一個可行性和方向感的話，那其實這問題也可以使用議題樹進行拆分，如它的天花板大不大，增速快不快，競爭中集中度怎麼樣，我有沒有進入的籌碼，以及我們進去之後能不能守得住這五大評估方向。<br />如果需要把一個問題的評估維度思考得很完整，通過這個方式把大致上的邏輯梳理明白，並且每一個節點可以再通過議題樹逐步的分解下去，最終逐步形成完善的分析方案。</p>
<p>案例四：如何投資才能賺錢？<br />議題樹也非常適合用來去學習一個你沒有學過的東西，它可以大幅度的提升你的學習深度與效率。<br />在還不知道這塊領域該如何學習時，也可以先去按照自己的常識進行問題拆分，如通過投資的決策過程進行拆分，我就需要知道我要買什麼，知道什麼時候買，知道什麼時候賣，買多少。通過這個簡單的拆分，就能夠明確你投資賺錢的領域中，需要學哪幾個關鍵的東西，然後根據這些節點去選擇對應材料能幫助你學習。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9ebfba4dfb3e704b5712829880b0a2ee_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="565" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-9ebfba4dfb3e704b5712829880b0a2ee_b.jpg" title="v2-9ebfba4dfb3e704b5712829880b0a2ee_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-9ebfba4dfb3e704b5712829880b0a2ee_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="565" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='565'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-9ebfba4dfb3e704b5712829880b0a2ee_b.jpg" title="v2-9ebfba4dfb3e704b5712829880b0a2ee_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>在從0到1去學習一個新東西的時候，非常建議大家使用這個方法。如果說你需要從零到一去構建一個知識體系的話，非常困難而且耗時，但是你通過這個方式，使用過去的常識先去構建一個知識體系，然後逐步的去填充迭代，查缺補漏，但是如果完全重新的去學的話，很多知識不僅重複學習，新知識又無法和過去的知識打通，這將會導致你會學習的速度非常慢。<br />議題樹有三個強大之處：<br /> 1，通過這個方式很容易找到別人忽視，但是有機會的地方。<br /> 2，全面窮舉的思考容易去想出新的業務模型與分析靈感。在我工作的第三年轉行數據分析時，通過議題樹把線下運營的業務知識，拿來建立分析的指標體系，後來我發現很多數據分析的課程內容，和我自己拆分指標基本上大同小異，只是名字不一樣，而且我自行拆解的會更能貼和實際應用。<br /> 3，根據歷史經驗去輔助議題樹來學習，可以大幅度的去提升學習效率</p>
<p>問題二：無分解靈感例：我剛進到醫美行業，就被問到醫美轉診平台如果要增長三倍有哪些可行的方向？剛來一個月，連專業名詞都聽不太懂，該從何開始找方向呢?<br />分解無靈感可能是由於你對這個領域的經驗比較陌生。但其實也是有破解的方式：第一個就是藉助別人的分解框架，自己去調整。第二個就是藉助同行或者業務專家的經驗，但是這時要</p>
<p>案例一：</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f254b1c464e4d508767aa1cf050f452c_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="569" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-f254b1c464e4d508767aa1cf050f452c_b.jpg" title="v2-f254b1c464e4d508767aa1cf050f452c_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f254b1c464e4d508767aa1cf050f452c_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="569" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='569'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-f254b1c464e4d508767aa1cf050f452c_b.jpg" title="v2-f254b1c464e4d508767aa1cf050f452c_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>這時可以藉助行業報告的產業鏈的地圖進行思考，我們就是產業鏈中轉診的角色，下游是機構，上游是流量平台，還有基礎服務商給行業玩家提供系統服務，其實漲三倍的機會不外乎這幾個方向。<br />根據議題樹，我先思考：醫美市場內去漲三倍還是跨醫美市場去漲三倍？<br />醫美市場內，我可以觀察自己身處在哪，從自己向外去找方向，如在醫美市場往上游走，可以去打造流量平台或是MCN，別人打綜合平台，我可能可以去打垂直平台。醫美市場也可以往下游走，看看是否可以成為機構或者是給機構提供服務？<br />再來我在醫美轉診裡面，我們能否做到整合同行？該用什麼方式？假如跨市場的話，我可以思考去憑藉優勢來跨市場，我們的優勢可以從服務相同，用戶不同的方向去找機會，我也可以根據用戶相同的，但服務不同的方向去找機會。通過借助產業鏈地圖，就算入行不久，也能夠快速找到公司增長三倍的方向的研究靈感。<br />案例二：</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ca3edb6bc76752550fed94472153c9a1_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="453" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-ca3edb6bc76752550fed94472153c9a1_b.jpg" title="v2-ca3edb6bc76752550fed94472153c9a1_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ca3edb6bc76752550fed94472153c9a1_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="453" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='453'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-ca3edb6bc76752550fed94472153c9a1_b.jpg" title="v2-ca3edb6bc76752550fed94472153c9a1_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>我可以藉助別人的思考框架來思考：<br /> 1、從積極的角度來思考，通過給用戶好處，讓用戶方便使用，讓體驗有趣來找提升留存的靈感，<br /> 2、從轉移的角度來思考，通過讓系統去提醒用戶過來，或讓作者去影響用戶過來，讓別的平台來推動用戶過來<br />3、從否定的角度去思考，如何讓用戶不得不來，如何讓用戶不過來也能留住？<br /> 4、嘗試拆解的思路，其實就是跟議題樹分解法一樣，把流程拆開去找靈感<br />5、最後你可以試試腦洞的方式，腦洞是沒有邏輯的。我們可以找很多的外援來去進行頭腦風暴會，還可以用一些創意的工具來去突破我們的思維定式。<br />特別強調一下：如果你想要在某個領域快速上手，非常推薦你找個專家網課，一則快速幫你的知識體系提升到一個層次；二則快速產生各種靈感與解決思路。<br />再來細講腦洞部份的頭腦風暴會主要是你自己很難想到，所以需要集思廣益，舉辦一個大家一起激發想法的會議。<br />聚焦一個主題，把大家約進來，讓大家提出解決問題的想法，盡量鼓勵天馬行空，多多益善，越有創意，越不著邊際越好，過程會有點像在閒聊，創意就有可能在不知不覺間聊出來。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-44d84b9e09e9c9c81c8db4cf207b5edb_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="532" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-44d84b9e09e9c9c81c8db4cf207b5edb_b.jpg" title="v2-44d84b9e09e9c9c81c8db4cf207b5edb_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-44d84b9e09e9c9c81c8db4cf207b5edb_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="532" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='532'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-44d84b9e09e9c9c81c8db4cf207b5edb_b.jpg" title="v2-44d84b9e09e9c9c81c8db4cf207b5edb_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>這過程有一個點需要特別注意，就是一定要避免批評別人的創意，因為人在壓抑的環境是很難有創意的。舉個例子：就是你可能對這個東西有一些想法，但是可能還不成熟，但是如果講出來馬上就有人說，你這個講的不對，你就可能不願意去講了，這個也是創意被扼殺的一個常見場景。<br />腦洞的元素分解整合法：此法適用於尋找流程、產品或服務上面的靈感，使用方式就是將產品構成的主要元素分解開來，例如理髮店把它分解成剪髮、洗頭、座位、鏡子、排隊、價格…等之類的主要元素，然後通過元素快速的讓你產生創意。<br />首先可以針對元素，做一些刪除，剔除一些原來必不可少的模塊，例如把飛機的餐食剔除了，就變成廉價航空，把登陸剔除了就變成免登陸，就可能馬上提升付費轉化率。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-281905046d69b04d7d1e72b42cfff46d_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="550" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-281905046d69b04d7d1e72b42cfff46d_b.jpg" title="v2-281905046d69b04d7d1e72b42cfff46d_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-281905046d69b04d7d1e72b42cfff46d_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="550" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='550'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-281905046d69b04d7d1e72b42cfff46d_b.jpg" title="v2-281905046d69b04d7d1e72b42cfff46d_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>也可以嘗試重組元素，比如更改登錄順序或更改服務順序。也可以嘗試複製元素，把它加的更重更強，例如把自行車座位加強，自行車就成了多座位的自行車，把空氣清新劑把清新劑加強，就變成兩倍提神的清新劑。<br />還可以可以嘗試對元素優化或增加，比如把掃把速度提升，可能就把掃地變成吸塵器。<br />最後在使用創意工具的過程中，可能組合出一個和原本目標不相干的新東西，這個時候你可以使用任務統籌<br />什麼任務統籌呢？就是根據創造出來的新物種，去賦予它的新任務，比如說針對粘膠創新，當不小心搞出一個不粘的膠，雖然針對粘的牢沒有幫助，但不粘的膠也可以用來做便利貼。凡是涉及到腦洞和創意的部分，就一定是在大家思維之外的東西，所以使用創意工具的過程中，一定要先強破使用創意工具去打破思維框架，再來思考合理性，才能有效地突破思維定式，誕生創意。</p>
<p>舉個QB理髮店創新案例：</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c02efb9029d60f11aa302b829fb53f1b_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="551" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-c02efb9029d60f11aa302b829fb53f1b_b.jpg" title="v2-c02efb9029d60f11aa302b829fb53f1b_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-c02efb9029d60f11aa302b829fb53f1b_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="551" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='551'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-c02efb9029d60f11aa302b829fb53f1b_b.jpg" title="v2-c02efb9029d60f11aa302b829fb53f1b_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>理髮店的要素可以分成價格、茶水/咖啡、洗髮、按摩、吹風、速度、衛生，把這些要素列出來後，針對洗髮與按摩做減法，針對速度與衛生去做加法，最後在元素基礎上去增加元素，QB理髮店就誕生了。<br />問題三：思維定式把用戶分成男人跟女人，這種分法就沒考慮LGBT人群的實際場景。其實這就是思維定式，人生活在社會中，常常無法避免會去用過去的常識進行事務判斷，</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-869b425da01c3e7daabfefe25922083a_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="551" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-869b425da01c3e7daabfefe25922083a_b.jpg" title="v2-869b425da01c3e7daabfefe25922083a_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-869b425da01c3e7daabfefe25922083a_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="551" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='551'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-869b425da01c3e7daabfefe25922083a_b.jpg" title="v2-869b425da01c3e7daabfefe25922083a_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>思維定式常見的三大原因<br />一、在分解與考慮問題時，只思考自己能夠做的方案<br />二、只做自己想做，而不是做該做的事情<br />三、分解時只根據自我的見識，而不是去找有見識的人去做。這塊是聰明人的重災區，你可能覺得自己很厲害，靠自己就能想出來做法，但這些問題可能行業已經有成熟的解決方案，你找一個工作一兩年的人問一下就可以節省大量的時間，但可能由於自己的傲氣，就導致了時間浪費。<br />思維定式，往往來自於自我的限制，而且往往無法自己去察覺，所以要適時地通過外力與意識來破除。比如說上面講的腦暴、創新工具，不斷的虛心請教與觀察別人，都是破除思維定式的好方式。只要是人都一定會有自己的思維定式，但只要你承認你存在思維定式，你反而能很好的控制思維定式的發生。投資上也有類似的道理，當你知道你絕對沒辦法預測漲跌的時候，將其列入交易紀律，反而就可以有不錯的收益效果（海龜交易法）。<br />下面來分享思維定式的成因與破除方式。下圖是我非常喜歡一張圖，這張圖很好的去說明思維定式的成型與破除的方式。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-39d3bb1aaf9220d020191e8a97c786c4_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="532" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-39d3bb1aaf9220d020191e8a97c786c4_b.jpg" title="v2-39d3bb1aaf9220d020191e8a97c786c4_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-39d3bb1aaf9220d020191e8a97c786c4_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="532" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='532'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-39d3bb1aaf9220d020191e8a97c786c4_b.jpg" title="v2-39d3bb1aaf9220d020191e8a97c786c4_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>比如說我剛開始工作時如果馬上能做出成績，當下的我就會覺得自己很強什麼都會，這個時候就有可能陷入巨嬰時期。也就是你不知道自己不知道，還無法察覺自己不知道的時期，這時的我還非常傲慢並且沾沾自喜，別人說什麼都聽不進去，此時也是思維定式最嚴重的階段。在此階段可能會有人暗示你的無知，但也因為傲氣導致你無法察覺或是不願意承認。<br />直到老路行不通，開始遭遇了重大挫折，就進入到自信崩潰區，這個時候的你會對原先很有信心的地方完全沒自信，陷入一段非常難過與自我懷疑的時期，陷入到絕望之谷。<br />當崩潰到一定階段，傷口慢慢結痂了，開始進入成長與自信重建期，這時候是思維定式最弱的時期，開始逐步吸納外界建議，自信逐步重建。當成長到自以為快到大師的時候，傲氣又出來了，然後就開始不斷的輪迴成巨嬰時期，周而復始。</p>
<p>小小感悟</p>
<p>我認為思維定式的輪迴，跟佛教提到的輪迴是很像的。輪迴是什麼？就是因為人有貪嗔癡慢疑，但是社會不會因你而改變，所以你很容易在某個執著上不斷的遭受相似的痛苦，這也是為什麼人會活的這麼痛苦的原因。而要破解輪迴，其實就是在三件事情上發力，分別是明心、見性、印心。<br />明心：<br />見性：<br />印心：印心後又可以進一步的提升提昇明心的能力，如此周而復始，最後慢慢的去把自己放下。<br />為什麼從數據分析講到這件事情呢？因為你在分析和找到分析思路的過程當中，思維定式會完全限制你更客觀的找到有效的解決方案，但如果了解思維定式誕生的過程，並且接受人性的存在，就能加以預防，反而比較不會把自己陷入到痛苦之中。</p>
<p>問題四：時間不足，靈感又足</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ce8a781bca2e1cd7d3e0f37dd960cce1_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="546" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-ce8a781bca2e1cd7d3e0f37dd960cce1_b.jpg" title="v2-ce8a781bca2e1cd7d3e0f37dd960cce1_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ce8a781bca2e1cd7d3e0f37dd960cce1_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="546" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='546'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-ce8a781bca2e1cd7d3e0f37dd960cce1_b.jpg" title="v2-ce8a781bca2e1cd7d3e0f37dd960cce1_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>比如客服工單積累多，去想個解決方案，但因為管理這塊業務已經一段時間了，造成積壓的原因已經都知道，時間又很緊急，不太需要把事情想那麼完整，直接解決即可（如下圖）。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-1432699e5cef417e7db4926f61882f98_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="560" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-1432699e5cef417e7db4926f61882f98_b.jpg" title="v2-1432699e5cef417e7db4926f61882f98_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-1432699e5cef417e7db4926f61882f98_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="560" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='560'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-1432699e5cef417e7db4926f61882f98_b.jpg" title="v2-1432699e5cef417e7db4926f61882f98_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>如果你開始帶人了，你的下屬覺得問題他非常清楚，直接開始做就行了，那你要怎麼樣快速的判斷他是否清楚？你也可以使用假設樹來驗證一下他是否清楚。訣竅就是多問他幾個為什麼，看他回答的條件是否足以支持為什麼的成立但假設樹使用有兩個條件，一個就是對問題很熟，二就是對假設的回答有邏輯支撐，你就可以開始直奔主題，<br />困住未來的，往往是過去的自己，困住你過去的，是人性的執念，人執念放不下，就等著讓社會敲打，持續輪迴痛苦。這件事情提醒大家，如果你已經開始將界定問題與分解問題融入到你的工作中，你執行的次數越來越多，就會發現限制你界定與分解的往往來自於自我的執念，你這個執念會在推進項目的過程中反復被敲打，然後輪迴並痛苦。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-adfcca3218ac9fba21cc2d99bfe602f0_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="531" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-adfcca3218ac9fba21cc2d99bfe602f0_b.jpg" title="v2-adfcca3218ac9fba21cc2d99bfe602f0_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-adfcca3218ac9fba21cc2d99bfe602f0_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="531" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='531'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-adfcca3218ac9fba21cc2d99bfe602f0_b.jpg" title="v2-adfcca3218ac9fba21cc2d99bfe602f0_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>—<br />使用優先級排序這個技巧時，大家不要簡單認為只是排一個誰先做誰後做的事情，其例如說像產品部門，該如何決定先做什麼項目後做什麼項目，要用什麼標準去評判誰先做誰後做，又不會讓團隊成員認為你獨裁併產生怨言，這時把大家引入優先級排序過程，共同創造維度與投票打分，就可以有效的讓成員達成一致，達到客觀決策的效果。</p>
<p>優先級排序有三個常見場景，其中之一就是當項目很多，需要決策誰先誰後的時候，第二就是當大家需要對一件重要的事情做決斷，但是又僵持不下時，第三就是自己無決策權，需要引導多方決策者進行決策的時候。<br />使用優先排序有四個關注點，<br />一、制定統一的評分維度，<br />二、引入多元的視角進行打分，<br />三、打分過程不要過度的注重細節，<br />四、要有冒險的準備，喊停其實非常困難，它對應到的是人的沉沒成本問題，什麼叫沉沒成本？舉個最簡單例子：就是你如果買了電影票進去的看電影，你看到一個爛電影，但是你已經看了十分鐘了，但因為已經花了錢，大多數情況你還是會繼續看完。<br />案例：使用ICE方法進行產品優先級排序（</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b706e1e7c3f6c47b1f7b50652cb044fe_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="509" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-b706e1e7c3f6c47b1f7b50652cb044fe_b.jpg" title="v2-b706e1e7c3f6c47b1f7b50652cb044fe_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b706e1e7c3f6c47b1f7b50652cb044fe_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="509" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='509'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-b706e1e7c3f6c47b1f7b50652cb044fe_b.jpg" title="v2-b706e1e7c3f6c47b1f7b50652cb044fe_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>當把產品方案都列舉出來後，就可以開始進行優先級排序。<br />第一步：確定評價維度，<br />第二步：打分，這時你可引入專家角色進行打分，不然有可能一個很好的項目就被不懂業務的人砍掉了。<br />第三步：根據排序結果執行方案，二，你要引入懂這件事情的人來評分，三，要有壯士斷腕的決心，根據客觀情況來做決策。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a8fedb3ff1557da31c767a119d3c1a49_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="560" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-a8fedb3ff1557da31c767a119d3c1a49_b.jpg" title="v2-a8fedb3ff1557da31c767a119d3c1a49_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-a8fedb3ff1557da31c767a119d3c1a49_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="560" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='560'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-a8fedb3ff1557da31c767a119d3c1a49_b.jpg" title="v2-a8fedb3ff1557da31c767a119d3c1a49_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>再來細說下該如何確定評分維度？<br />第一可以先看看公司是否有專家知道評估維度，如果有直接拿來推進就好了，如果你自己熟悉業務，自己先和決策人達成一致即可。<br />第二種情況就是當你自己不熟業務，公司也沒有其他專家知道如何評估怎麼辦？這時可以找同行專家借鑒，參考懂行專家的文章、書或是課程，然後配合問題拆分的方式，逐步明確維度。<br />例如我選股的時候，就借鑒價值投資的選股邏輯，找低估值，增長率高，安全邊際高的。再例如我確定產品優先級的時候，可以藉鑑產品專家習慣使用的ICE法，分別是影響範圍，自信程度跟難易度。<br />最後要注意選取的維度不要過多，盡量找影響結果80%當中最重要的20%的維度（二八法則），維度太多的話，雖然可能會提升精準度，但是會讓大家人工評分過程非常痛苦，同時對排序的結果影響不大。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-83a557716f63385c724b7b30025ea4de_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="526" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-83a557716f63385c724b7b30025ea4de_b.jpg" title="v2-83a557716f63385c724b7b30025ea4de_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-83a557716f63385c724b7b30025ea4de_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="526" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='526'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-83a557716f63385c724b7b30025ea4de_b.jpg" title="v2-83a557716f63385c724b7b30025ea4de_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>再來說下該如何進行投票打分，<br />簡單版：<br />專業版：筆者第一次使用是確定拓展績效的計算模型，將影響BD拓展的各種要素（成本、區域的難易度…等），一一列出，找BD專家進行元素排序，就可以快速將影響多方利益的維度權重大小明確出來，非常適合用於多要素、多層次復雜問題。<br />介紹下我曾經使用過的<br />第一步：先把元素填寫進來。<br />第二步：請專家過來，評價元素的相對重要性，比如說元素a跟元素b比誰更重要？<br />第三步：按重要程度依次打分，</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-2dc6cce387b639fe4dd6ffc325dc0e00_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="544" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-2dc6cce387b639fe4dd6ffc325dc0e00_b.jpg" title="v2-2dc6cce387b639fe4dd6ffc325dc0e00_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-2dc6cce387b639fe4dd6ffc325dc0e00_r.jpg" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="544" data-size="normal" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='544'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-2dc6cce387b639fe4dd6ffc325dc0e00_b.jpg" title="v2-2dc6cce387b639fe4dd6ffc325dc0e00_r"><figcaption>圖源來自作者</figcaption></figure>
<p>打完分之後，工具會幫你檢查是否滿足一致性，如果滿足，這工具就能幫你算出每個元素對事情的影響分數（類似主成分分析）。它是一個在你沒有線上數據，人工即可判斷主成分的實用工具。<br />優先級排序小結就是當項目太多，需要抓大放小，或是意見僵持不下的時候。<br />優先級排序的四大步驟，第一就是先制定統一的考量維度。第二就是多元視角進行打分。第三就是不要過度關注細節。第四就是要有冒險的準備。這是一個在管理、運營和產品都可以使用的技巧，大家一起共事，最怕就是大家無法一起合作，只有大家對目標有共識，方能更好聚焦，有效合力。<br />結語：<br />人人都知道選擇大於努力，<br />但選擇背後的思考你都做到了多少？<br />從今日起培養定義、分解與排序問題的習慣吧！<br />雖然實際上把一個問題思考透徹非常困難與耗費精力，但請盡量在影響範圍較大或是代價較大的事情上多思考一些，才能少走一些彎路。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>想要了解商業分析案例見解，歡迎大家關注公眾號：空白女俠</p>
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<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35460/topic-381152787/" data-wpel-link="internal">商業分析方法論連載二</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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		<title>SQL數據分析實戰（六）：計算LTV</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35446/topic-382535186/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:10:50 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[新創學院]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[數據驅動遊戲]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35446/topic-382535186/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>在遊戲行業有兩個核心的指標，第一個是用戶成本(cost)，另一個是用戶價值（LTV）。用戶成本包含了CPC（點擊成本）、CPD（下載成本）、CPA （激活成本）、CPR（註冊成本）、CPL（登陸成本）、以及付費成本等。 LTV…</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35446/topic-382535186/" data-wpel-link="internal">SQL數據分析實戰（六）：計算LTV</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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<p>在遊戲行業有兩個核心的指標，第一個是用戶成本(cost)，另一個是用戶價值（LTV）。</p>
<p>用戶成本包含了CPC（點擊成本）、CPD（下載成本）、CPA （激活成本）、CPR（註冊成本）、CPL（登陸成本）、以及付費成本等。</p>
<p>LTV(Life Time Ⅴalue)指的是某個用戶在生命週期內為該遊戲應用創造的收入總計，可以看成是一個長期累計的ARPU值。用戶的生命週期是指一個用戶從第一次啟動遊戲應用，到最後一次啟動遊戲應用之間的周期。</p>
<p>用LTV /cost對應的就是投資回報率(簡稱ROI)，我們用這個ROI來衡量買量是否回本，用該公式得出：</p>
<p>若ROI&gt;1，則盈利；若ROI=1，則盈虧平衡；若ROI&lt;1，則虧損。</p>
<p>LTV沒有高低之分，只有值或者不值。當LTV高於買量成本CPL且能回本，就是值，否則就不值。 LTV是非常重要的數據，是買量的指南針，也是遊戲生死的關鍵指標，而影響LTV的關鍵指標是留存率和ARPU</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="215" data-rawheight="104" class="content_image" width="215" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-042888e4e2f5d36d9c9e8cfd6c016b84_b.jpg"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="215" data-rawheight="104" class="content_image lazy" width="215" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-042888e4e2f5d36d9c9e8cfd6c016b84_b.jpg" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='215'%20height='104'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;"></figure>
<p>一、估算：</p>
<p>每個用戶平均的LTV = ARPU *</p>
<p>優點：計算速度快，非常好理解；</p>
<p>缺點：不夠精準，往往會出現LTV偏高的結果。主要因為：</p>
<p>1）用戶平均生命週期無法準確定義生命週期的長度。</p>
<p>2）ARPU 亦非一個容易平均的恆定值，這樣的計算結果只能作非常宏觀的參考。例如，有以下兩種計算方式：</p>
<p>如果遊戲</p>
<p>如果遊戲</p>
<p>以上按日均和月均計算的LTV差異很大。建議生命週期的長度和ARPU按月份來平均計算，得出的LTV相對更準確。即：</p>
<p>每個用戶平均的LTV =</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>二、計算總LTV：</p>
<p>總LTV = 累計收入/累計新增</p>
<p>優點：簡單，直接，計算速度快，非常好理解；</p>
<p>缺點：時間顆粒度不夠細，為某一天或某一段時間的總LTV，非加權值。如果取第一天或前N天的用戶，用戶質量可能較高，導致總LTV偏高；如果取遊戲所總收入和總新增用戶，部分用戶的生命週期未到，跟加權值相比存在一定誤差。</p>
<p>三、計算每天新用戶第N天LTV：</p>
<p>1、計算開服第1天新用戶N天LTV</p>
<p>1天LTV=第1天新用戶在1天內帶來的收入/第1天新用戶數</p>
<p>7天LTV =第1天新用戶在7天內帶來的累積收入/第1天新用戶數</p>
<p>14天LTV =第1天新用戶在14天內帶來的累積收入/第1天新用戶數</p>
<p>2、計算開服第2天新用戶N天LTV</p>
<p>1天LTV=第2天新用戶在1天內帶來的收入/第2天新用戶數</p>
<p>7天LTV =第2天新用戶在7天內帶來的累積收入/第2天新用戶數</p>
<p>14天LTV =第2天新用戶在14天內帶來的累積收入/第2天新用戶數</p>
<p>3、計算開服第3天新用戶N天LTV</p>
<p>……</p>
<p>計算公式如下：</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="350" data-rawheight="89" class="content_image" width="350" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-c8d53b5cac0df6ecc9feebaf398bc9ce_b.jpg"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="350" data-rawheight="89" class="content_image lazy" width="350" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-c8d53b5cac0df6ecc9feebaf398bc9ce_b.jpg" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='350'%20height='89'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;"></figure>
<p>說明：LT(life Time)就是用戶生命週期，如果我們要計算N天的LTV，則直接將公式中的LT改成N天即可。這個公式常用於利於已知歷史數據精確計算N日的LTV。</p>
<p>例如：某日新增用戶100，首日他們充值500元，則首日LTV=500/100=5元；第2天充值300元，則2天LTV=（500+300）/100=8元，以此類推。</p>
<p>影響LTV的關鍵指標是留存率和ARPU，以下表數據為例，比如，一款遊戲測試7天，將每天的留存率*ARPU，再求和，得出7天LTV為15.6元。</p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b4ec3282b2b8a25bdbdaea255e8f9c20_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="554" data-rawheight="108" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="554" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-b4ec3282b2b8a25bdbdaea255e8f9c20_b.jpg" title="v2-b4ec3282b2b8a25bdbdaea255e8f9c20_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-b4ec3282b2b8a25bdbdaea255e8f9c20_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="554" data-rawheight="108" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="554" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='554'%20height='108'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-b4ec3282b2b8a25bdbdaea255e8f9c20_b.jpg" title="v2-b4ec3282b2b8a25bdbdaea255e8f9c20_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>計算公式：</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="418" data-rawheight="64" class="content_image" width="418" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-1a1d658ccecc26ccf436f4624cc005db_b.png"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="418" data-rawheight="64" class="content_image lazy" width="418" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-1a1d658ccecc26ccf436f4624cc005db_b.png" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='418'%20height='64'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>以下面積部分就是LTV值：</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-84544fe94fc8e2a3ef524c41f9ed2614_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="555" data-rawheight="238" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="555" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-84544fe94fc8e2a3ef524c41f9ed2614_b.jpg" title="v2-84544fe94fc8e2a3ef524c41f9ed2614_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-84544fe94fc8e2a3ef524c41f9ed2614_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="555" data-rawheight="238" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="555" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='555'%20height='238'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-84544fe94fc8e2a3ef524c41f9ed2614_b.jpg" title="v2-84544fe94fc8e2a3ef524c41f9ed2614_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="271" data-rawheight="93" class="content_image" width="271" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-2e9a2a07a767dd461c31fb4902de8cd7_b.jpg"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="271" data-rawheight="93" class="content_image lazy" width="271" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-2e9a2a07a767dd461c31fb4902de8cd7_b.jpg" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='271'%20height='93'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;"></figure>
<p>數據分析師跟進項目，LTV是必須要輸出的內容之一。如果能準確、快速地計算出LTV，那麼能大大提升效率。下面就以某款遊戲為例，計算每日LTV和加權LTV。</p>
<ul>
<li>計算每日LTV</li>
</ul>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-13d6d115abe880895d716dfb82d74aec_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="779" data-rawheight="883" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="779" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-13d6d115abe880895d716dfb82d74aec_b.jpg" title="v2-13d6d115abe880895d716dfb82d74aec_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-13d6d115abe880895d716dfb82d74aec_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="779" data-rawheight="883" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="779" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='779'%20height='883'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-13d6d115abe880895d716dfb82d74aec_b.jpg" title="v2-13d6d115abe880895d716dfb82d74aec_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>運行結果(僅顯示2020年1月1日至1月7日的數據)：</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7676d9c303efeb54a05cafdf75fc36c1_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="554" data-rawheight="114" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="554" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-7676d9c303efeb54a05cafdf75fc36c1_b.jpg" title="v2-7676d9c303efeb54a05cafdf75fc36c1_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-7676d9c303efeb54a05cafdf75fc36c1_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="554" data-rawheight="114" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="554" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='554'%20height='114'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-7676d9c303efeb54a05cafdf75fc36c1_b.jpg" title="v2-7676d9c303efeb54a05cafdf75fc36c1_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<ul>
<li>計算一段時間內的加權LTV</li>
</ul>
<p>以2020年1月1日-1月7日的數據為例，取這7天用戶的加權LTV如下：</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-3061f5fcd88deb26226c75418f494e19_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="708" data-rawheight="837" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="708" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-3061f5fcd88deb26226c75418f494e19_b.jpg" title="v2-3061f5fcd88deb26226c75418f494e19_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-3061f5fcd88deb26226c75418f494e19_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="708" data-rawheight="837" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="708" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='708'%20height='837'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-3061f5fcd88deb26226c75418f494e19_b.jpg" title="v2-3061f5fcd88deb26226c75418f494e19_r"></figure>
<p class="ztext-empty-paragraph"></p>
<p>運行結果為：</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4b1ef83e3472452d8bdaae76ea09f88d_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="554" data-rawheight="32" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="554" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-4b1ef83e3472452d8bdaae76ea09f88d_b.png" title="v2-4b1ef83e3472452d8bdaae76ea09f88d_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-4b1ef83e3472452d8bdaae76ea09f88d_r.png" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="554" data-rawheight="32" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="554" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='554'%20height='32'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-4b1ef83e3472452d8bdaae76ea09f88d_b.png" title="v2-4b1ef83e3472452d8bdaae76ea09f88d_r"></figure>
</div>
</div>
</article>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35446/topic-382535186/" data-wpel-link="internal">SQL數據分析實戰（六）：計算LTV</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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		<title>Virtual DOM到底有什麼迷人之處？如何搭建一款迷你版Virtual DOM庫？</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35442/topic-382715118/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:10:25 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[新創學院]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[JavaScript]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35442/topic-382715118/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>為什麼使用Virtual DOM 手動操作DOM比較麻煩。還需要考慮瀏覽器兼容性問題，雖然有JQuery等庫簡化DOM操作，但是隨著項目的複雜DOM操作複雜提升。為了簡化DOM的複雜操作於是出現了各種MVVM框架，MVVM框架解決了視…</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35442/topic-382715118/" data-wpel-link="internal">Virtual DOM到底有什麼迷人之處？如何搭建一款迷你版Virtual DOM庫？</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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<h2>為什麼使用Virtual DOM</h2>
<ul>
<li>手動操作DOM比較麻煩。還需要考慮瀏覽器兼容性問題，雖然有JQuery等庫簡化DOM操作，但是隨著項目的複雜DOM操作複雜提升。</li>
<li>為了簡化DOM的複雜操作於是出現了各種MVVM框架，MVVM框架解決了視圖和狀態的同步問題</li>
<li>為了簡化視圖的操作我們可以使用模板引擎，但是模板引擎沒有解決跟踪狀態變化的問題，於是Virtual DOM出現了</li>
<li>Virtual DOM的好處是當狀態改變時不需要立即更新DOM，只需要創建一個虛擬樹來描述DOM，Virtual DOM內部將弄清楚如何有效的更新DOM（利用Diff算法實現）。</li>
</ul>
<h2>Virtual DOM的特性</h2>
<ol>
<li>Virtual DOM可以維護程序的狀態，跟踪上一次的狀態。</li>
<li>通過比較前後兩次的狀態差異更新真實DOM。</li>
</ol>
<h2>實現一個基礎的Virtual DOM庫</h2>
<p>我們可以仿照snabbdom庫</p>
<p>首先，我們創建一個index.html文件，寫一下我們需要展示的內容，內容如下：</p>
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<pre><code class="language-html"><div>&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>html</div><div>lang</div><div>=</div><div>"en"</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>head</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>meta</div><div>charset</div><div>=</div><div>"UTF-8"</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>meta</div><div>http-equiv</div><div>=</div><div>"X-UA-Compatible"</div><div>content</div><div>=</div><div>"IE=edge"</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>meta</div><div>name</div><div>=</div><div>"viewport"</div><div>content</div><div>=</div><div>"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>title</div><div>&gt;</div>vdom<div>&lt;/</div><div>title</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>style</div><div>&gt;</div><div>.</div><div>main</div><div>{</div><div>color</div><div>:</div><div>#00008b</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>.</div><div>main1</div><div>{</div><div>font-weight</div><div>:</div><div>bold</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>style</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>head</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>body</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>div</div><div>id</div><div>=</div><div>"app"</div><div>&gt;&lt;/</div><div>div</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>script</div><div>src</div><div>=</div><div>"./vdom.js"</div><div>&gt;&lt;/</div><div>script</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>script</div><div>&gt;</div><div>function</div><div>render</div><div>()</div><div>{</div><div>return</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'div'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>style</div><div>:</div><div>useObjStr</div><div>({</div><div>'color'</div><div>:</div><div>'#ccc'</div><div>,</div><div>'font-size'</div><div>:</div><div>'20px'</div><div>})</div><div>},</div><div>[</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'div'</div><div>,</div><div>{},</div><div>[</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'span'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>onClick</div><div>:</div><div>()</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>alert</div><div>(</div><div>'1'</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>},</div><div>'文本'</div><div>),</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'a'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>href</div><div>:</div><div>'https://www.baidu.com'</div><div>,</div><div>class</div><div>:</div><div>'main main1'</div><div>},</div><div>'點擊'</div><div>)</div><div>]),</div><div>])</div><div>}</div><div>// 頁面改變</div><div>function</div><div>render1</div><div>()</div><div>{</div><div>return</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'div'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>style</div><div>:</div><div>useStyleStr</div><div>({</div><div>'color'</div><div>:</div><div>'#ccc'</div><div>,</div><div>'font-size'</div><div>:</div><div>'20px'</div><div>})</div><div>},</div><div>[</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'div'</div><div>,</div><div>{},</div><div>[</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'span'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>onClick</div><div>:</div><div>()</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>alert</div><div>(</div><div>'1'</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>},</div><div>'文本改變了'</div><div>)</div><div>]),</div><div>])</div><div>}</div><div>// 首次加載</div><div>mountNode</div><div>(</div><div>render</div><div>,</div><div>'#app'</div><div>);</div><div>// 狀態改變</div><div>setTimeout</div><div>(()=&gt;{</div><div>mountNode</div><div>(</div><div>render1</div><div>,</div><div>'#app'</div><div>);</div><div>},</div><div>3000</div><div>)</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>script</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>body</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>html</div><div>&gt;</div></code></pre>
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<p>我們在接著我們引入了一個vdom.js文件，這個文件就是我們將要實現的迷你版Virtual DOM庫。最後，我們在調用h還有，你可能會注意到在</p>
<p>思路理清楚了，展示頁面的代碼也寫完了。下面我們將重點看下</p>
<h3>第一步</h3>
<p>我們看到index.html文件中首先需要調用</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre>// Mount node <code class="language-js"><span class="c1">// Mount node</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">mountNode</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">render</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">selector</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="p">}</span></code></pre>
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<p>接著，我們會看到</p>
<p>那麼，我們接著在vdom.js文件中再定義一個h方法。</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="kd">function</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tag</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nx">props</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nx">children</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">tag</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nx">props</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nx">children</span><span class="p">};</span><span class="p">}</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>還沒有結束，我們需要根據傳入的三個參數</p>
<p>我們需要這樣操作。我們在</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre>// Mount node <code class="language-text">// Mount node function mountNode(render, selector) { mount(render(), document.querySelector(selector)) }</code> function mountNode(render, selector) { <code class="language-text">// Mount node function mountNode(render, selector) { mount(render(), document.querySelector(selector)) }</code> mount(render(), document.querySelector(selector)) <code class="language-text">// Mount node function mountNode(render, selector) { mount(render(), document.querySelector(selector)) }</code></pre>
</div>
<p>接著，我們定義一個</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre><code class="language-js"><div>function</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>,</div><div>container</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>const</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>document</div><div>.</div><div>createElement</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>tag</div><div>);</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>el</div><div>;</div><div>// props</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>const</div><div>key</div><div>in</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>.</div><div>startsWith</div><div>(</div><div>'on'</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>addEventListener</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>.</div><div>slice</div><div>(</div><div>2</div><div>).</div><div>toLowerCase</div><div>(),</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>],{</div><div>passive</div><div>:</div><div>true</div><div>})</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>setAttribute</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>,</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>]);</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>typeof</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>===</div><div>"string"</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>textContent</div><div>=</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>.</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>child</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>child</div><div>,</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>});</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>container</div><div>.</div><div>appendChild</div><div>(</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>}</div></code></pre>
</div>
<p>第一個參數是調用傳進來的</p>
<p>我們看到先是判斷屬性，如果屬性字段開頭含有否則，直接利用</p>
<p>接著，再判斷子節點，如果是字符串，我們直接將字符串賦給文本節點。否則就是節點，我們就遞歸調用</p>
<p>最後，我們將使用</p>
<p>頁面正常顯示。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ee74857ffa668ce51a56191121c51140_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="848" data-rawheight="504" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="848" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ee74857ffa668ce51a56191121c51140_b.jpg" title="v2-ee74857ffa668ce51a56191121c51140_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-ee74857ffa668ce51a56191121c51140_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="848" data-rawheight="504" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="848" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='848'%20height='504'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ee74857ffa668ce51a56191121c51140_b.jpg" title="v2-ee74857ffa668ce51a56191121c51140_r"></figure>
<h3>第二步</h3>
<p>我們知道Virtual DOM有以下兩個特性：</p>
<ol>
<li>Virtual DOM可以維護程序的狀態，跟踪上一次的狀態。</li>
<li>通過比較前後兩次的狀態差異更新真實DOM。</li>
</ol>
<p>這就利用到了我們之前提到的diff算法。</p>
<p>我們首先定義一個patch方法。因為要對比前後狀態的差異，所以第一個參數是舊節點，第二個參數是新節點。</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="kd">function</span><span class="nx">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nx">n2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="p">}</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>下面，我們還需要做一件事，那就是完善是因為當狀態改變時，只更新狀態改變的DOM，也就是我們所說的差異更新。這時就需要配合</p>
<p>相比之前，我們加上了對是否掛載節點進行了判斷。如果沒有掛載的話，就直接調用否則，調用</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre>let <code class="language-js"><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">isMounted</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span> <span class="p">;</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">oldTree</span> <span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">// Mount node</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">mountNode</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">render</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">selector</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="o">!</span> <span class="nx">isMounted</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">mount</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">oldTree</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">render</span> <span class="p">(),</span> <span class="nb">document</span> <span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">querySelector</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">selector</span> <span class="p">));</span> <span class="nx">isMounted</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span> <span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">newTree</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">render</span> <span class="p">();</span> <span class="nx">patch</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">oldTree</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">newTree</span> <span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">oldTree</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">newTree</span> <span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>那麼下面我們將主動看下</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre><code class="language-js"><div>function</div><div>patch</div><div>(</div><div>n1</div><div>,</div><div>n2</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>// Implement this</div><div>// 1. check if n1 and n2 are of the same type</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>tag</div><div>!==</div><div>n2</div><div>.</div><div>tag</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>// 2. if not, replace</div><div>const</div><div>parent</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>parentNode</div><div>;</div><div>const</div><div>anchor</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>nextSibling</div><div>;</div><div>parent</div><div>.</div><div>removeChild</div><div>(</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>n2</div><div>,</div><div>parent</div><div>,</div><div>anchor</div><div>);</div><div>return</div><div>}</div><div>const</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>n2</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>;</div><div>// 3. if yes</div><div>// 3.1 diff props</div><div>const</div><div>oldProps</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>||</div><div>{};</div><div>const</div><div>newProps</div><div>=</div><div>n2</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>||</div><div>{};</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>const</div><div>key</div><div>in</div><div>newProps</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>const</div><div>newValue</div><div>=</div><div>newProps</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>];</div><div>const</div><div>oldValue</div><div>=</div><div>oldProps</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>];</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>newValue</div><div>!==</div><div>oldValue</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>newValue</div><div>!=</div><div>null</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>setAttribute</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>,</div><div>newValue</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>removeAttribute</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>const</div><div>key</div><div>in</div><div>oldProps</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>!</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>in</div><div>newProps</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>removeAttribute</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>// 3.2 diff children</div><div>const</div><div>oc</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>;</div><div>const</div><div>nc</div><div>=</div><div>n2</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>;</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>typeof</div><div>nc</div><div>===</div><div>'string'</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>!==</div><div>oc</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>textContent</div><div>=</div><div>nc</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>Array</div><div>.</div><div>isArray</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>Array</div><div>.</div><div>isArray</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>// array diff</div><div>const</div><div>commonLength</div><div>=</div><div>Math</div><div>.</div><div>min</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>,</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>);</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>let</div><div>i</div><div>=</div><div>0</div><div>;</div><div>i</div><div>&lt;</div><div>commonLength</div><div>;</div><div>i</div><div>++</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>patch</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>[</div><div>i</div><div>],</div><div>nc</div><div>[</div><div>i</div><div>]);</div><div>}</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>&gt;</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>slice</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>).</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>,</div><div>el</div><div>));</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>&gt;</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>slice</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>).</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>removeChild</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>})</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>innerHTML</div><div>=</div><div>''</div><div>;</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>,</div><div>el</div><div>));</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>}</div></code></pre>
</div>
<p>我們從</p>
<p>如果新舊節點的標籤不相等，就移除舊節點。另外，利用然後，傳給這時你可能會有疑問，對，但是這裡我們需要傳進去第三個參數，主要是為了對同級節點進行處理。</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre>if <code class="language-js"><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">n1</span> <span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">tag</span> <span class="o">!==</span> <span class="nx">n2</span> <span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">tag</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// 2. if not, replace</span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">parent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">n1</span> <span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">el</span> <span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">parentNode</span> <span class="p">;</span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">anchor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">n1</span> <span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">el</span> <span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">nextSibling</span> <span class="p">;</span> <span class="nx">parent</span> <span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">removeChild</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">n1</span> <span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">el</span> <span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">mount</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">n2</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">parent</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">anchor</span> <span class="p">);</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">}</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>所以，我們重新修改下我們看到我們只是加上了對</p>
<p>如果insertBefore</p>
<p>如果</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre><code class="language-js"><div>function</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>,</div><div>container</div><div>,</div><div>anchor</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>const</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>document</div><div>.</div><div>createElement</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>tag</div><div>);</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>el</div><div>;</div><div>// props</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>const</div><div>key</div><div>in</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>.</div><div>startsWith</div><div>(</div><div>'on'</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>addEventListener</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>.</div><div>slice</div><div>(</div><div>2</div><div>).</div><div>toLowerCase</div><div>(),</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>],{</div><div>passive</div><div>:</div><div>true</div><div>})</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>setAttribute</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>,</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>]);</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>typeof</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>===</div><div>"string"</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>textContent</div><div>=</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>.</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>child</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>child</div><div>,</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>});</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>anchor</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>container</div><div>.</div><div>insertBefore</div><div>(</div><div>el</div><div>,</div><div>anchor</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>container</div><div>.</div><div>appendChild</div><div>(</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>}</div></code></pre>
</div>
<p>下面，我們再回到如果新舊節點的標籤相等，我們首先要遍歷新舊節點的屬性。我們先遍歷新節點的屬性，判斷新舊節點的屬性值是否相同，如果不相同，再進行進一步處理。判斷新節點的屬性值是否為然後，遍歷舊節點的屬性，如果屬性名不在新節點屬性表中，則直接移除屬性。</p>
<p>分析完了對新舊節點屬性的對比，接下來，我們來分析第三個參數子節點。</p>
<p>首先，我們分別定義兩個變量如果新節點的</p>
<p>接下來，我們看到利用</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre><code class="language-js"><div>else</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>Array</div><div>.</div><div>isArray</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>Array</div><div>.</div><div>isArray</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>// array diff</div><div>const</div><div>commonLength</div><div>=</div><div>Math</div><div>.</div><div>min</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>,</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>);</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>let</div><div>i</div><div>=</div><div>0</div><div>;</div><div>i</div><div>&lt;</div><div>commonLength</div><div>;</div><div>i</div><div>++</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>patch</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>[</div><div>i</div><div>],</div><div>nc</div><div>[</div><div>i</div><div>]);</div><div>}</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>&gt;</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>slice</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>).</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>,</div><div>el</div><div>));</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>&gt;</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>slice</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>).</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>removeChild</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>})</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>innerHTML</div><div>=</div><div>''</div><div>;</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>,</div><div>el</div><div>));</div><div>}</div><div>}</div></code></pre>
</div>
<p>我們看到裡面又判斷舊節點的</p>
<p>如果是，我們取新舊子節點數組的長度兩者的最小值。然後，我們將其循環遞歸為什麼取最小值呢？是因為如果取的是他們共有的長度。然後，每次遍歷遞歸時，判斷</p>
<p>如果不是，直接將節點內容清空，重新循環執行</p>
<p>這樣，我們搭建的迷你版Virtual DOM庫就這樣完成了。</p>
<p>頁面如下所示。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5847dba5c4ae39e1c8793c15b9ccab93_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="612" data-rawheight="284" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="612" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-5847dba5c4ae39e1c8793c15b9ccab93_b.jpg" title="v2-5847dba5c4ae39e1c8793c15b9ccab93_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-5847dba5c4ae39e1c8793c15b9ccab93_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="612" data-rawheight="284" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="612" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='612'%20height='284'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-5847dba5c4ae39e1c8793c15b9ccab93_b.jpg" title="v2-5847dba5c4ae39e1c8793c15b9ccab93_r"></figure>
<h2>源碼</h2>
<p>index.html</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre><code class="language-html"><div>&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>html</div><div>lang</div><div>=</div><div>"en"</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>head</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>meta</div><div>charset</div><div>=</div><div>"UTF-8"</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>meta</div><div>http-equiv</div><div>=</div><div>"X-UA-Compatible"</div><div>content</div><div>=</div><div>"IE=edge"</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>meta</div><div>name</div><div>=</div><div>"viewport"</div><div>content</div><div>=</div><div>"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>title</div><div>&gt;</div>vdom<div>&lt;/</div><div>title</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>style</div><div>&gt;</div><div>.</div><div>main</div><div>{</div><div>color</div><div>:</div><div>#00008b</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>.</div><div>main1</div><div>{</div><div>font-weight</div><div>:</div><div>bold</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>style</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>head</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>body</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>div</div><div>id</div><div>=</div><div>"app"</div><div>&gt;&lt;/</div><div>div</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>script</div><div>src</div><div>=</div><div>"./vdom.js"</div><div>&gt;&lt;/</div><div>script</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;</div><div>script</div><div>&gt;</div><div>function</div><div>render</div><div>()</div><div>{</div><div>return</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'div'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>style</div><div>:</div><div>useObjStr</div><div>({</div><div>'color'</div><div>:</div><div>'#ccc'</div><div>,</div><div>'font-size'</div><div>:</div><div>'20px'</div><div>})</div><div>},</div><div>[</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'div'</div><div>,</div><div>{},</div><div>[</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'span'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>onClick</div><div>:</div><div>()</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>alert</div><div>(</div><div>'1'</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>},</div><div>'文本'</div><div>),</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'a'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>href</div><div>:</div><div>'https://www.baidu.com'</div><div>,</div><div>class</div><div>:</div><div>'main main1'</div><div>},</div><div>'點擊'</div><div>)</div><div>]),</div><div>])</div><div>}</div><div>// 頁面改變</div><div>function</div><div>render1</div><div>()</div><div>{</div><div>return</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'div'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>style</div><div>:</div><div>useStyleStr</div><div>({</div><div>'color'</div><div>:</div><div>'#ccc'</div><div>,</div><div>'font-size'</div><div>:</div><div>'20px'</div><div>})</div><div>},</div><div>[</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'div'</div><div>,</div><div>{},</div><div>[</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>'span'</div><div>,</div><div>{</div><div>onClick</div><div>:</div><div>()</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>alert</div><div>(</div><div>'1'</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>},</div><div>'文本改變了'</div><div>)</div><div>]),</div><div>])</div><div>}</div><div>// 首次加載</div><div>mountNode</div><div>(</div><div>render</div><div>,</div><div>'#app'</div><div>);</div><div>// 狀態改變</div><div>setTimeout</div><div>(()=&gt;{</div><div>mountNode</div><div>(</div><div>render1</div><div>,</div><div>'#app'</div><div>);</div><div>},</div><div>3000</div><div>)</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>script</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>body</div><div>&gt;</div><div>&lt;/</div><div>html</div><div>&gt;</div></code></pre>
</div>
<p>vdom.js</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre><code class="language-js"><div>// vdom ---</div><div>function</div><div>h</div><div>(</div><div>tag</div><div>,</div><div>props</div><div>,</div><div>children</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>return</div><div>{</div><div>tag</div><div>,</div><div>props</div><div>,</div><div>children</div><div>};</div><div>}</div><div>function</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>,</div><div>container</div><div>,</div><div>anchor</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>const</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>document</div><div>.</div><div>createElement</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>tag</div><div>);</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>el</div><div>;</div><div>// props</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>const</div><div>key</div><div>in</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>.</div><div>startsWith</div><div>(</div><div>'on'</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>addEventListener</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>.</div><div>slice</div><div>(</div><div>2</div><div>).</div><div>toLowerCase</div><div>(),</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>],{</div><div>passive</div><div>:</div><div>true</div><div>})</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>setAttribute</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>,</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>]);</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>typeof</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>===</div><div>"string"</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>textContent</div><div>=</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>vnode</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>.</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>child</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>child</div><div>,</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>});</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>anchor</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>container</div><div>.</div><div>insertBefore</div><div>(</div><div>el</div><div>,</div><div>anchor</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>container</div><div>.</div><div>appendChild</div><div>(</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>// processing strings</div><div>function</div><div>useStyleStr</div><div>(</div><div>obj</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>const</div><div>reg</div><div>=</div><div>/^{|}/g</div><div>;</div><div>const</div><div>reg1</div><div>=</div><div>new</div><div>RegExp</div><div>(</div><div>'"'</div><div>,</div><div>"g"</div><div>);</div><div>const</div><div>str</div><div>=</div><div>JSON</div><div>.</div><div>stringify</div><div>(</div><div>obj</div><div>);</div><div>const</div><div>ustr</div><div>=</div><div>str</div><div>.</div><div>replace</div><div>(</div><div>reg</div><div>,</div><div>''</div><div>).</div><div>replace</div><div>(</div><div>','</div><div>,</div><div>';'</div><div>).</div><div>replace</div><div>(</div><div>reg1</div><div>,</div><div>''</div><div>);</div><div>return</div><div>ustr</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>function</div><div>patch</div><div>(</div><div>n1</div><div>,</div><div>n2</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>// Implement this</div><div>// 1. check if n1 and n2 are of the same type</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>tag</div><div>!==</div><div>n2</div><div>.</div><div>tag</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>// 2. if not, replace</div><div>const</div><div>parent</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>parentNode</div><div>;</div><div>const</div><div>anchor</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>nextSibling</div><div>;</div><div>parent</div><div>.</div><div>removeChild</div><div>(</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>n2</div><div>,</div><div>parent</div><div>,</div><div>anchor</div><div>);</div><div>return</div><div>}</div><div>const</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>n2</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>;</div><div>// 3. if yes</div><div>// 3.1 diff props</div><div>const</div><div>oldProps</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>||</div><div>{};</div><div>const</div><div>newProps</div><div>=</div><div>n2</div><div>.</div><div>props</div><div>||</div><div>{};</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>const</div><div>key</div><div>in</div><div>newProps</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>const</div><div>newValue</div><div>=</div><div>newProps</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>];</div><div>const</div><div>oldValue</div><div>=</div><div>oldProps</div><div>[</div><div>key</div><div>];</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>newValue</div><div>!==</div><div>oldValue</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>newValue</div><div>!=</div><div>null</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>setAttribute</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>,</div><div>newValue</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>removeAttribute</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>const</div><div>key</div><div>in</div><div>oldProps</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>!</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>in</div><div>newProps</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>removeAttribute</div><div>(</div><div>key</div><div>);</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>// 3.2 diff children</div><div>const</div><div>oc</div><div>=</div><div>n1</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>;</div><div>const</div><div>nc</div><div>=</div><div>n2</div><div>.</div><div>children</div><div>;</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>typeof</div><div>nc</div><div>===</div><div>'string'</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>!==</div><div>oc</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>textContent</div><div>=</div><div>nc</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>Array</div><div>.</div><div>isArray</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>Array</div><div>.</div><div>isArray</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>))</div><div>{</div><div>// array diff</div><div>const</div><div>commonLength</div><div>=</div><div>Math</div><div>.</div><div>min</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>,</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>);</div><div>for</div><div>(</div><div>let</div><div>i</div><div>=</div><div>0</div><div>;</div><div>i</div><div>&lt;</div><div>commonLength</div><div>;</div><div>i</div><div>++</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>patch</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>[</div><div>i</div><div>],</div><div>nc</div><div>[</div><div>i</div><div>]);</div><div>}</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>&gt;</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>slice</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>).</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>,</div><div>el</div><div>));</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>&gt;</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>oc</div><div>.</div><div>slice</div><div>(</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>length</div><div>).</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>removeChild</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>.</div><div>el</div><div>);</div><div>})</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>el</div><div>.</div><div>innerHTML</div><div>=</div><div>''</div><div>;</div><div>nc</div><div>.</div><div>forEach</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>=&gt;</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>c</div><div>,</div><div>el</div><div>));</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>}</div><div>let</div><div>isMounted</div><div>=</div><div>false</div><div>;</div><div>let</div><div>oldTree</div><div>;</div><div>// Mount node</div><div>function</div><div>mountNode</div><div>(</div><div>render</div><div>,</div><div>selector</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>if</div><div>(</div><div>!</div><div>isMounted</div><div>)</div><div>{</div><div>mount</div><div>(</div><div>oldTree</div><div>=</div><div>render</div><div>(),</div><div>document</div><div>.</div><div>querySelector</div><div>(</div><div>selector</div><div>));</div><div>isMounted</div><div>=</div><div>true</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>else</div><div>{</div><div>const</div><div>newTree</div><div>=</div><div>render</div><div>();</div><div>patch</div><div>(</div><div>oldTree</div><div>,</div><div>newTree</div><div>);</div><div>oldTree</div><div>=</div><div>newTree</div><div>;</div><div>}</div><div>}</div></code></pre>
</div>
<h2>關於作者</h2>
<p>作者：曾獲得2019年CSDN年度部落格之星，CSDN部落格訪問量已達到數百萬。掘金部落格文章多次推送到首頁，總訪問量已達到數十萬。</p>
<p>另外，我的公眾號：歡迎關注我的公眾號，讓我們一起在前端道路上歷劫吧！ Go！</p>
</div>
</div>
</article>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35442/topic-382715118/" data-wpel-link="internal">Virtual DOM到底有什麼迷人之處？如何搭建一款迷你版Virtual DOM庫？</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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		<title>初次嘗試領英(LinkedIn)開發客戶僅10天，收穫精準客戶和詢盤的關鍵技巧！</title>
		<link>https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35431/topic-383573596/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[marketer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:09:37 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[新創學院]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[外貿充電站]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35431/topic-383573596/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>作者：Summer，外貿老人，米課的狂熱粉絲。十幾年的傳統外貿讓自己駐足不前，在米課同大家一起積極學習，努力進取。領英(LinkedIn)其實我註冊了很久，但是一直沒有認真使用，各種原因導致只是註冊完就丟在了一邊。 …</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35431/topic-383573596/" data-wpel-link="internal">初次嘗試領英(LinkedIn)開發客戶僅10天，收穫精準客戶和詢盤的關鍵技巧！</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<h1 class="Post-Title">初次嘗試領英(LinkedIn)開發客戶僅10天，收穫精準客戶和詢盤的關鍵技巧！ </h1>
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<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-34ac468eff22b911145c73197c983639_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="233" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="640" data-original="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-34ac468eff22b911145c73197c983639_b.jpg" title="v2-34ac468eff22b911145c73197c983639_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-34ac468eff22b911145c73197c983639_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="640" data-rawheight="233" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="640" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='640'%20height='233'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic2.zhimg.com/v2-34ac468eff22b911145c73197c983639_b.jpg" title="v2-34ac468eff22b911145c73197c983639_r"></figure>
<p>作者：Summer，外貿老人，米課的狂熱粉絲。十幾年的傳統外貿讓自己駐足不前，在米課同大家一起積極學習，努力進取。</p>
<p>領英(LinkedIn)其實我註冊了很久，但是一直沒有認真使用，各種原因導致只是註冊完就丟在了一邊。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-67b0f1853e1509744971607a6f6b68d8_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="258" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-67b0f1853e1509744971607a6f6b68d8_b.jpg" title="v2-67b0f1853e1509744971607a6f6b68d8_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-67b0f1853e1509744971607a6f6b68d8_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="258" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='258'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-67b0f1853e1509744971607a6f6b68d8_b.jpg" title="v2-67b0f1853e1509744971607a6f6b68d8_r"></figure>
<p>直到這次疫情，因為疫情原因，原定的線下參展計劃取消或推遲，眼看開單遙遙無期，欲哭無淚。</p>
<p>心急火燎的我開始臨時抱佛腳，撿起了各種線上開發客戶的方法，重點放在了領英(LinkedIn)這個社交平台上開發客戶。</p>
<p>看了很多大神的文章，綜合了一下，感覺也找到了自己準備做的方向和一些小竅門。</p>
<p>等我複工後開始正式應用實操，從整理完善自己的領英(LinkedIn)檔案資料和發布第一篇文章到現在，一共過去了十天時間，成功添加了70名領英(LinkedIn)好友。</p>
<p>雖然數量並不多，但是都是添加的精準對口的客戶。所以在客戶通過我的領英(LinkedIn)添加好友邀請時，及時的禮貌回復後，陸續有人詢問產品和要求發目錄冊。</p>
<p>最近幾天由於廣交會直播忙得焦頭爛額，也沒太顧得上領英(LinkedIn)。誰知剛剛查看郵件時竟然發現領英(LinkedIn)的客戶有訂單需求了，雖然我知道這個離真正成交訂單還很遙遠，但是心里莫名的興奮。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d37f40bcd7b7f3df9d83feae8e6504e0_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1024" data-rawheight="476" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1024" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-d37f40bcd7b7f3df9d83feae8e6504e0_b.jpg" title="v2-d37f40bcd7b7f3df9d83feae8e6504e0_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-d37f40bcd7b7f3df9d83feae8e6504e0_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1024" data-rawheight="476" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1024" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1024'%20height='476'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-d37f40bcd7b7f3df9d83feae8e6504e0_b.jpg" title="v2-d37f40bcd7b7f3df9d83feae8e6504e0_r"></figure>
<p>這樣迅速的小反饋，給了我對領英(LinkedIn)開發客戶繼續堅持下去的動力和信心。</p>
<p>簡單梳理了一下，現在先把自己這十天在領英(LinkedIn)的操作分享出來，也算是給自己一個總結：</p>
<p>1. 一個領英(LinkedIn)輔助工具，名字叫：領英助理，不得不說真的很好用，節省時間和精力，同時有安全間隔保護提醒。既提高了我的工作效率，又保護了我的領英(LinkedIn)賬號。每天早上上班後登錄領英助理，花幾分鐘時間提交各類任務，然後關掉網頁，做其他工作，領英助理會模擬手工去慢慢操作我所提交的任務。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-bd851416cf818ca98233e2e8df246152_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="579" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-bd851416cf818ca98233e2e8df246152_b.jpg" title="v2-bd851416cf818ca98233e2e8df246152_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-bd851416cf818ca98233e2e8df246152_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="579" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='579'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-bd851416cf818ca98233e2e8df246152_b.jpg" title="v2-bd851416cf818ca98233e2e8df246152_r"></figure>
<p>2. 領英助理堅持添加客戶的同時，我會發一些領英(LinkedIn)動態，分享一下產品或最近的廣交會訊息。雖然因為領英(LinkedIn)剛起步，好友數量還沒上來，基本沒什麼人看，不過我會堅持。</p>
<p>3. 之前給自己定的目標是在領英(LinkedIn)上每週寫一篇文章，可是第一篇寫完後就進入了無休止的廣交會準備模式，導致第二篇文章仍舊待產中。領英(LinkedIn)上如何寫文章我是仿造其他人，可以找一找自己行業的國外大神，把他們在領英上分享的文章讀上五六遍，然後在下筆去寫。衍生學習：</p>
<p>4. 發視頻，盡量多發視頻多吸粉，畢竟視頻行銷比圖片或文字更具衝擊力。衍生學習：</p>
<p>5. 主動出擊，這個我覺得最重要。最開始通過我邀請的客戶我沒搭理人家，後來覺得不太禮貌，就簡單感謝了一下，結果有一個客人主動問我要目錄冊。後來我把所有通過邀請的人都加上了一句很簡單的話：感謝通過邀請，我們公司主要是生產XXX，有興趣聯繫我。這樣一來，客戶回复率果然增加了。</p>
<p>6. 做好領英(LinkedIn)好友分組管理，在領英(LinkedIn)堅持添加客戶和對通過邀請的客戶做好歸類分組管理都是一樣重要。因為開發跟進到成交一定是持久戰，無論是歸類分組還是備註詳細訊息，都是為了保證能打贏這場持久戰。比如針對不同分組裡的客戶，我會執行不同的行銷內容和策略。而一旦客戶有回复或者我獲取到客戶更詳細的訊息，哪怕是性格、喜好等等...我都會及時在備註裡添加記錄，方便以後查看跟進進度和客戶情況。</p>
<figure data-size="normal"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f7db23a73ff1eeecca0b552d9e329628_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="310" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb" width="1080" data-original="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-f7db23a73ff1eeecca0b552d9e329628_b.jpg" title="v2-f7db23a73ff1eeecca0b552d9e329628_r"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://hypergrowths.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/v2-f7db23a73ff1eeecca0b552d9e329628_r.jpg" data-caption="" data-size="normal" data-rawwidth="1080" data-rawheight="310" class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" width="1080" data-original="data:image/svg+xml;utf8,&lt;svg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20width='1080'%20height='310'&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;" data-actualsrc="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-f7db23a73ff1eeecca0b552d9e329628_b.jpg" title="v2-f7db23a73ff1eeecca0b552d9e329628_r"></figure>
<p>雖然我是一個十幾年的外貿老人，但在領英(LinkedIn)上，我還只是一個小學生，空杯心態向每個人學習取經。總之領英(LinkedIn)是個寶庫，但是需要堅持。寫給自己，加油！</p>
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<p>The post <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com/startups/startup-academy/35431/topic-383573596/" data-wpel-link="internal">初次嘗試領英(LinkedIn)開發客戶僅10天，收穫精準客戶和詢盤的關鍵技巧！</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://hypergrowths.com" data-wpel-link="internal">成長駭客交流第一站 - HyperGrowths™</a>.</p>
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